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1、Hasty generalization One problem with the argument involves the statistics about It is unreasonable to draw any conclusion about based on the statistics about Depending on the total number of it is entirely possible that are not representative of generally. For example or perhaps If so, then the aut
2、hors recommendation might amount to poor advice for Even if it is granted that another assumption must be made before we conclude that We must also assume that what is true of will likewise be true of But there are all kinds of important differences between and For example If so, the author cannot s
3、afely assume that because a any and all Misapplied Generalization Although the author assumes that are representative of in general. (Although the author assumes that are the same throughout including )It supplies no evidence whatsoever to substantiate this assumption. Without better evidence of it
4、is just as likely that If so, then the author cannot justify his recommendation to at least not based on the nationwide survey.Causal Oversimplified No evidence has been offered to support the claim that the reason is While is an important contributing factor of it might not be the only such factor.
5、 Many other causes could just as likely account for For example Lacking a detailed analysis of it would be sheer folly to attribute to The author has engaged in an “after this, therefore because of this” reasoning. The mere fact that precedes is insufficient to conclude that the former is the cause
6、of the latter. In all likelihood many other causes could also bring about the same result. For example Lacking a detailed analysis of the reasons it would be sheer folly to attribute to The authors solution to the problem rests on the claim that are the causes of However, no evidence has been offere
7、d to support this claim. A mere positive correlation between and does not necessarily prove a causal relationship. For example As it stands, the authors solution to the problem is based upon an oversimplified analysis of the issue.False Analogy It is highly doubtful that the facts drawn from are app
8、licable to (It is highly doubtful that the analogy between and is informative and suggestive as evidence.) However, differences between these two far outweigh the similarities, thus making the analogy highly suspect. For example all affect but are virtually absent in Problems such as these present i
9、nsurmountable obstacles that prevent from making a meaningful comparison/having a same effect onFalse Dilemma The argument assumes that if they cannot The author is presenting a “false dilemma” by imposing an either-or choice between two courses of action that need not to be mutually exclusive. It s
10、hould be admitted that both and might produce better result. Moreover, if the author is wrong in the assumption that these two are the only possible the most effective solution mightinclude a complex of All things are equal The author turns on the assumption that will automatically remain the same/u
11、nchanged It fails to consider that or that for whatever reason. Since the author fails to account for possibilities such as these, it is unconvincing that Appeal to Ignorance The author turns on the assumption that who did not complain would be happy However, there is no evidence offered to substant
12、iate this assumption. For example, the fact that indicate nothing about It is possible that too busy to formally complain, while others have no opinion at all. Lacking more complete information of, we cannot safely assume that One-sidedness The author fails to consider the benefit might bring For ex
13、ample It might turn out that the advantages of outweigh the disadvantages Lacking a complete analysis of the situation, the authors cannot be taken seriously.Specious Evidence The cited statistics are intended to support the main claim that However, these statistics are to vague and oversimplified,
14、thus may distort the overall picture of For example Moreover the same time. Finally, the author indicates that but fails to indicate that Respondent Another problem with the argument is that the respondentsview is not necessarily representative of the views of in general. For example, because the su
15、rvey has to do with it makes sense that only will respond to it, thus distorting the overall picture of Without knowing how the survey was conducted, it is impossible to assess whether or not it is the case.Information too vague The information provided in the program/ the poll cited by the author i
16、s too vague to be informative. The claim does not indicate Lacking information about , it is impossible to evaluate the validity of the result of the survey. For example Because the author provides no evidence that could rule out these kinds of interpretation, until these questions are answered, the result of the sur
