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1、1UnitUnit 1 1 TheThe ChangingChanging WorldWorld TopicTopic 3 3 知识点汇编知识点汇编1. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.他们一旦发现有人需要帮助，就选定适当的方式来帮助他们。a) once 是从属连词，表“一旦就”,它的从句为现在时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)，主句则为一般将来时。或者主从句均为过去的某种时态。 eg: Once you become interested in playi
2、ng computer games, youll have trouble giving them up.一旦你迷上了电脑游戏，你就很难放弃它。b) decide on (doing ) sth. 决定（做）某事，相当于 decide to do sth. eg: They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan. 他们决定在海南度假。= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan.2. The government provides homeless people with nice homes. 政府向
3、无家可归的人们提供舒适的住处。provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物eg: The school provided the students with food. 这所学校为学生们提供食物。= The school provided food for the students.3. I think its a wonderful place to live in. 我认为那是一个居住的好地方。to live in 是动词不定式，用来修饰前面的名词 place. 在不定式中，如动词为不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式
4、动作的地点、工具等，不定式后必须跟上相应的介词。 eg: There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的事。I need a pen to write with. 我需要一只笔写字。4. It is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives.它很出名是因为它已经成功地帮助无家可归的人重新过上正常的生活。be successful in doing sth. 成功地做成某事，相当于 succeed in doing sth
5、. 2如：eg: He was successful in passing the exam. 他成功地通过了考试。They were successful in climbing Mount Huang. 他们成功地登上了黄山。5In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan.在近十六年来，希望工程已筹集了大约 30 亿元。in the past + 若干时间，表“近若干时间来” ，用于现在完成时。 eg: They have learnt about 500 English words in t
6、he past two months. 近两个月来，他们已经学习了大约 500 个英语单词。6.复习直接引语和间接引语和构词法Unit 2 Saving the earthTopic 1 I cant stand the environment here.1.I cant stand the environment here. 我无法容忍这儿的环境。stand 表“容忍；忍受” ，后接名词、代词及动名词做宾语。eg: I cant stand that man, he talks too much. 我忍受不了那个人了，他话太多了。I cant stand waiting any longer
7、. 我再也等不了了。2.What do you mean by sth. ? 某物是什么意思呢?= Whats the meaning of sth ? = What does sth. mean?3.I hope I can move from here soon. 我希望我能早点从这儿搬走。当主从句主语一致时，常可转换成不定式短语= I hope to move from here soon. 我希望早点从这儿搬走。4There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river.有 几座工厂正往河里排放污水。
8、There be + sb. / sth. + doing sth. 表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。eg: There are some birds singing i n the tree. 树上有些鸟儿在歌唱。There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有个小女孩在哭。5stop doing sth. 停止做（正在进行的）事stop to do sth. 停下来去做（另一件）事eg: Its late. They will stop working and (stop) to have supper. 很迟了。他们将停下来吃晚饭。The st
9、udents stopped talking and to listen to the teacher. 学生们停止说话去听课。6Im sorry for making so much noise. 很抱歉我弄出这么大的噪音。3be sorry for doing sth. 表对做过的事感到抱歉 be sorry to do sth. 表对当前的事感到抱歉eg: Im sorry for waking you up yesterday. 很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。Im sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉打扰你了。Im sorry to hear that. 听到那个（消息）感到很遗
10、憾。7 Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do,近来据报道，美国许多青少年的听力和 65 岁的老人一样差。no better than 表“同(几乎)一样差; 不比做得好” eg: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam. 露西和莉莉考得几乎一样糟.= Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam.8.复习现在完成时中延续性的动作或状态和由 for
11、 / since 引导的一段时间状语搭配使用。a)“for + 时间段” 与 “since + 时间点” 都表“一段时间” ，常用 How long 提问。b) 如句中含有非延续性动词，则改为相应的延续性动词或状态。Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth?1. It says that China has become the worlds largest producer and user of coal. 它（文章）写到中国已经成为世界上最大的煤炭生产和消费国。sth. + says that 此句型中主语是事或物，say 表用“文字、数字”说明
12、信息。 eg: It says “ Happy New Year!” on the card. 卡片上写着“新年快乐！” 。The clock says that it is 20:00 now. 这面钟显示现在是 20：00。2. As we know, none of us likes pollution. 众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。none 与 no one 的区别：none “全无” ，既可指人也可指物，后常跟 of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数；no one 只指人，后不能跟 of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词只用作单数。 eg: He has read none
13、 of these books.（指物）这些书他一本都没看过。None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的朋友们没有一个喜欢画画。No one is here. 没有一个在这儿。none 回答 how many/ much 的问题；no one 回答 who 的问题。 如：A: H ow many students come to school by taxi? B: None.4有多少的学生搭出租车来上学？ 没有人。A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水？ 一点儿也没有。
14、A: Who is in the room? B: No one.谁在房中？没有人。3.When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨时，土壤就会被冲走。will be +过去分词为一般将来时的被动语形式。 eg: The earth will be blown away by the wind. 泥土将会被风刮走。 （被动语态）= The wind will blow away the earth. 风将会把泥土刮走。 （主动语态）5A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only
15、sand. 许多肥沃的土地已经变成了沙漠，留下的是遍地黄沙。a) change into = turn into 把.(转)变成eg: Please change/ turn English into Chinese. 请把英语变成汉语。When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go.当交通灯变成绿色时,我们就可以通行。b) leaving only stand 现在分词短语作状语, 表伴随主动。 eg: The children went away, talking and laughing. 孩子们说着、笑着离开了。Th
16、e girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly. 这个女孩大声地哭着在寻找她的母亲。6Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. They can also prevent the sand from moving toward the rich land. 树可以防风固土，也可阻止风沙吹进良田。stop / prevent sb. /sth. (from ) doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事eg: Trees can keep water from running away. 树可以防止水土流失。7.in danger of ( doing ) sth. 处于做某事的危险中eg: They are in dang
