标准电极电势标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势本表中所给出的电极电势以标准氢电极为参比电极,溶液中离子浓度为 1mol/L,气体分压为 100kPa,温度为 298K[1][2][3][4]半反应半反应E Eo o (V)(V)Li+ + e− → Li(s)−3.05Rb+ + e− → Rb(s)−2.98K+ + e− → K(s)−2.93Cs+ + e− → Cs(s)−2.92Ba2+ + 2e− → Ba(s)−2.91Sr2+ + 2e− → Sr(s)−2.89Ra2+ + 2e− → Ra(s)−2.80Ca2+ + 2e− → Ca(s)−2.76Na+ + e− → Na(s)−2.71Mg2+ + 2e− → Mg(s)−2.38Al(OH)4- + 3e− → Al(s) + 4OH−−2.33Al(OH)3 + 3e− → Al(s) + 3OH−−2.31H2 + 2e− → 2H−−2.25Ac3+ + 3e− → Ac(s)−2.20Be2+ + 2e− → Be(s)−1.85Al3+ + 3e− → Al(s)−1.66Ti2+ + 2e− → Ti(s)−1.63TiO(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → Ti(s) + H2O−1.31Ti2O3(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → 2TiO(s) + H2O−1.23Ti3+ + 3e− → Ti(s)−1.21Mn2+ + 2e− → Mn(s)−1.18V2+ + 2e− → V(s)−1.13Nb3+ + 3e− → Nb(s)−1.099Sn(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → SnH4(g)−1.07SiO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → Si(s) + 2H2O−0.91B(OH)3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e− → B(s) + 3H2O−0.89TiO2+ + 2H+ + 4e− → Ti(s) + H2O−0.862 H2O + 2e– → H2(g) + 2 OH–−0.83Zn2+ + 2e− → Zn(s)−0.76Cr3+ + 3e− → Cr(s)−0.74[Au(CN)2]– + e– → Au(s) + 2 CN–−0.60PbO(s) + H2O + 2e− → Pb(s) + 2OH−−0.582TiO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → Ti2O3(s) + H2O−0.56Ga3+ + 3e− → Ga(s)−0.53H3PO2(aq) + H+ + e− → P(s) + 2H2O−0.51H3PO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e− → P(s) + 3H2O−0.50H3PO3(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → H3PO2(aq) + H2O−0.50Fe2+ + 2e− → Fe(s)−0.442CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e– → HOOCCOOH(aq)−0.43Cr3+ + e− → Cr2+−0.42Cd2+ + 2e− → Cd(s)−0.40PbSO4(s) + 2e– → Pb(s) +SO42−−0.36GeO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → GeO(s) + H2O−0.37In3+ + 3e− → In(s)−0.34Tl+ + e− → Tl(s)−0.34Ge(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → GeH4(g)−0.29Co2+ + 2e → Co(s)−0.28H3PO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → H3PO3(aq) + H2O−0.28V3+ + e− → V2+−0.26Ni2+ + 2e− → Ni(s)−0.25As(s) + 3H+ + 3e− → AsH3(g)−0.23MoO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → Mo(s) + 2H2O−0.15Si(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → SiH4(g)−0.14Sn2+ + 2e− → Sn(s)−0.13O2(g) + H+ + e− → HO2•(aq)−0.13Pb2+ + 2e− → Pb(s)−0.13WO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → W(s) + 2H2O−0.12CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e− → HCOOH(aq)−0.11Se(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → H2Se(g)−0.11CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e− → CO(g) + H2O−0.11SnO(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → Sn(s) + H2O−0.10SnO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → SnO(s) + H2O−0.09WO3(aq) + 6H+ + 6e− → W(s) + 3H2O−0.09P(s) + 3H+ + 3e− → PH3(g)−0.06HCOOH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → HCHO(aq) + H2O−0.032H+ + 2e− → H2(g) 0.0000H2MoO4(aq) + 6H+ + 6e− → Mo(s) + 4H2O+0.11Ge4+ + 4e− → Ge(s)+0.12C(s) + 4H+ + 4e− → CH4(g)+0.13HCHO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → CH3OH(aq)+0.13S(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → H2S(g)+0.14Sn4+ + 2e− → Sn2++0.15Cu2+ + e− → Cu++0.16HSO4− + 3H+ + 2e− → 2H2O + SO2(aq)+0.16SO42− + 4H+ + 2e− → 2H2O + SO2(aq)+0.17SbO+ + 2H+ + 3e− → Sb(s) + H2O+0.20H3AsO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e− → As(s) + 3H2O+0.24GeO(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → Ge(s) + H2O+0.26Re3+ + 3e− → Re(s)+0.300Bi3+ + 3e− → Bi(s)+0.32VO2+ + 2H+ + e− → V3++0.34Cu2+ + 2e− → Cu(s)+0.34[Fe(CN)6]3− + e− → [Fe(CN)6]4−+0.36O2(g) + 2H2O + 4e– → 4OH–(aq)+0.40H2MoO4 + 6H+ + 3e− → Mo3++0.43CH3OH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → CH4(g) + H2O+0.50SO2(aq) + 4H+ + 4e− → S(s) + 2H2O+0.50Cu+ + e− → Cu(s)+0.52CO(g) + 2H+ + 2e− → C(s) + H2O+0.52I2(s) + 2e− → 2I−+0.54I3− + 2e− → 3I−+0.54[AuI4]− + 3e− → Au(s) + 4I−+0.56H3AsO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → H3AsO3(aq) + H2O+0.56[AuI2]− + e− → Au(s) + 2I−+0.58MnO4–(aq) + 2H2O + 3e– → MnO2(s) + 4OH–(aq)+0.59S2O32− + 6H+ + 4e− → 2S(s) + 3H2O+0.60H2MoO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → MoO2(s) + 2H2O+0.65O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e− → H2O2(aq)+0.70Tl3+ + 3e− → Tl(s)+0.72H2SeO3(aq) + 4H+ + 4e− → Se(s) + 3H2O+0.74Fe3+ + e− → Fe2++0.77Hg22+ + 2e− → 2Hg(l)+0.80Ag+ + e− → Ag(s)+0.80NO3–(aq) + 2H+ + e− → NO2(g) + H2O+0.80[AuBr4]− + 3e− → Au(s) + 4Br−+0.85Hg2+ + 2e− → Hg(l)+0.85MnO4− + H+ + e− → HMnO4−+0.902Hg2+ + 2e− → Hg22++0.91[AuCl4]− + 3e− → Au(s) + 4Cl−+0.93MnO2(s) + 4H+ + e− → Mn3+ + 2H2O+0.95[AuBr2]− + e− → Au(s) + 2Br−+0.96Br2(l) + 2e− → 2Br−+1.07Br2(aq) + 2e− → 2Br−+1.09IO3− + 5H+ + 4e− → HIO(aq) + 2H2O+1.13[AuCl2]− + e− → Au(s) + 2Cl−+1.15HSeO4− + 3H+ + 2e− → H2SeO3(aq) + H2O+1.15Ag2O(s) + 2H+ + 2e− → 2Ag(s)+1.17ClO3− + 2H+ + e− → ClO2(g) + H2O+1.18ClO2(g) + H+ + e− → HClO2(aq)+1.192IO3− + 12H+ + 10e− → I2(s) + 6H2O+1.20ClO4− + 2H+ + 2e− → ClO3− + H2O+1.20O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e− → 2H2O+1.23MnO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e− → Mn2+ + 2H2O+1.23Tl3+ + 2e− → Tl++1.25Cl2(g) + 2e− → 2Cl−+1.36Cr2O72− + 14H+ + 6e− → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O+1.33CoO2(s) + 4H+ + e− → Co3+ + 2H2O+1.422HIO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → I2(s) + 2H2O+1.44BrO3− + 5H+ + 4e− → HBrO(aq) + 2H2O+1.452BrO3− + 12H+ + 10e− → Br2(l) + 6H2O+1.482ClO3− + 12H+ + 10e− → Cl2(g) + 6H2O+1.49MnO4− + 8H+ + 5e− → Mn2+ + 4H2O+1.51HO2• + H+ + e− → H2O2(aq)+1.51Au3+ + 3e− → Au(s)+1.52NiO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e− → Ni2++1.592HClO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → Cl2(g) + 2H2O+1.63Ag2O3(s) + 6H+ + 4e− → 2Ag+ + 3H2O+1.67HClO2(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → HClO(aq) + H2O+1.67Pb4+ + 2e− → Pb2++1.69MnO4− + 4H+ + 3e− → MnO2(s) + 2H2O+1.70H2O2(aq) + 2H+ + 2e− → 2H2O+1.78AgO(s) + 2H+ + e− → Ag+ + H2O+1.77Co3+ + e− → Co2++1.82Au+ + e− → Au(s)+1.83BrO4− + 2H+ + 2e− → BrO3− + H2O+1.85Ag2+ + e− → Ag++1.98S2O82− + 2e– → 2SO42−+2.07HMnO4− + 3H+ + 2e− → MnO2(s) + 2H2O+2.09F2(g) + 2e− → 2F−+2.87F2(g) + 2H+ + 2e− → 2HF(aq)+3.05。