《【硕士论文】两相异步电机变频调速系统的研究》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《【硕士论文】两相异步电机变频调速系统的研究(77页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 i摘 要 交流变频调速技术以其优越的起动、制动和调速性能得到了越来越广泛的关注,并已经在三相感应电机调速领域获得了成熟的应用。作为交流感应电机的一种,单相异步电机由于其牢固耐用、结构简单、成本低廉、维修方便等优点,从而广泛应用在家用电器、小功率机床、汽车电器等方面,是世界上应用最广泛的电机之一。由于全球性的能源紧张,如何提高单相电机的调速性能,以节约能源和减少对电网的谐波污染,已经成为当今研究的热点之一。同时,由于单相电机能在没有三相电的环境中使用,应用面广,且成本低廉,在一些小功率高性能调速场合使用,可以有效的减少系统成本。 传统的带有分相电容的单相电机,由于运
2、行电容的影响,在非额定情况下,其调速性能受到很大的影响,所以去除电容,将单相异步电机变为两相异步电机,并使它与电力电子技术相结合,进行变频调速技术的研究是当今的主流。 本文通过大量的资料和文献阅读,从两相逆变器拓扑、逆变器控制策略和电机控制方法三个方面概括性的描述了当今的研究现状。通过比较其各自的优缺点确定本课题的主要研究内容:采用两相三桥臂逆变器拓扑,运用SVPWM和磁场定向控制策略。 两相电机与三相电机的最大不同之处就在于其定子绕组的不对称性,由于这个原因,无论在逆变器的SVPWM控制还是磁场定向控制,两相电机都与三相电机有不同之处, 所以本文运用MATLAB/SIMULINK工具箱建立了
3、两相不对称交流感应电机矢量控制调速系统的仿真模型;介绍了两相不对称电机矢量控制的基本原理和两相三桥臂逆变器的SVPWM工作原理。对两相不对称电机矢量控制调速系统进行仿真研究,给出了电机矢量控制调速的仿真实验波形。 建立起了逆变器两相异步电机变频调速实验平台,对两相三桥臂逆变器的SVPWM控制策略和两相电机的V/F控制和转子磁场定向控制进行原理研究,并给出部分实验结果,初步验证了系统的可行性。 两相异步电机变频调速系统的研究 ii关键词:关键词:两相异步电机,不对称绕组,两相三桥臂逆变器,空间电压矢量控制,SIMULINK 仿真,V/F 控制,转子磁场定向控制 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 ii
4、iABSTRACT Because of its excellent in staring, speed reguration, and braking, Variable Frequency Speed Regulating has won increasingly broad concern, and the technique of three-phase induction motor Variable Frequency Speed Regulating is fairly well. As an AC induction motor, single-phase induction
5、motors because of its strong durable, simple structure, low cost, easy maintenance, and other advantages, thus widely used in home appliances, low-power machine tools, electrical appliances, and other vehicles, is windly used in the world. Because of the global energy shortage, how to improve the sp
6、eed control of single-phase motor performance, to conserve energy and reduce pollution on the harmonic grid, has been cause for focus. At the same time, based on the single-phase motor to their own advantages, use it in high-performance occasions, it can effectively reduce system costs. Traditional
7、single-phase induction motor which with the phase separation capacitor, its speed performance be greatly affected because of the capacitor, so removing the capacitance, turn single-phase into two-phase asynchronous induction motor and combine with the electric and electronic technologys, research of
8、 the Variable Frequency Speed Regulating technology is the mainstream of today. Through a lot of information and literature to read, this paper described the study of the status quo from three parts: the two-phase inverter topology, inverter control strategies and motor control strategies. By compar
9、ing their Advantages and disadvantages, the object of study subjects is refining: two-phase three-leg inverter, SVPWM control strategies and Rotor field oriented control. The most difference between Two-phase AC induction motors and three-phase AC induction motor is the stator windings asymmetries,
10、because of this, both the SVPWM technologyl or inverter control or field oriented 两相异步电机变频调速系统的研究 ivcontrol, two-phase motor is different with three-phase motor, so In this paper, a two-phase asymmetric induction motor vector control drive system simulation model is established by MATLAB; described
11、the rotor FOC principle of asymmetric two-phase motor and the operating principle of SVPWM control strategy used a two-phase three-leg inverter. Research and simulation of the asymmetric two-phase induction Motor vector control drive system. The simulation waveforms are given. Construct inverter-ind
12、uction motor Variable Frequency Speed Regulating experimental platform, research the two-phase three-leg inverter of SVPWM control strategies and the two-phase motor V/F control and FOC theory and some experimental results are given, the feasibility of the system had been proved elementary. Key Word
13、s: two-phase motor, asymmetric stator, two-phase three-leg inverter, SVPWM, simulation model, V/F control, Rotor field oriented control 两相异步电机变频调速系统的研究 viii图表清单 图 2.1 电容中点 H 型逆变器电路拓扑.10 图 2.2 电源中点 H 型逆变器电路拓扑.11 图 2.3 全桥逆变器电路拓扑.12 图 2.4 两相三桥臂逆变器电路拓扑.12 图 2.5 两相半桥 SPWM 信号调制图.14 图 2.6 SPWM 信号调制及输出电压波形.
14、15 图 2.7 基波矢量及其合成图.16 图 2.8 两相半桥逆变器空间矢量图及其合成.17 图 3.1 两相电机系统模型.21 图 3.2 两相绕组及其电流.23 图 3.3 椭圆旋转磁势的产生.24 图 3.4 两相三桥臂逆变器数学模型.25 图 3.5 逆变器空间电压矢量图.26 图 3.6 七段式电压矢量合成方法.28 图 3.7 两相三桥臂逆变器仿真模型.28 图 3.8 两相三桥臂逆变器输出波形.29 图 3.9 转子磁场定向控制的向量图.31 图 3.10 两相电机矢量控制原理框图.31 图 3.11 两相电机矢量控制仿真模型.34 图 3.12 两相电机磁链观测器仿真模型.35 图 3.13 两相电机矢量控制仿真波形.37 图 4.1 两相电机变频调速系统硬件电路结构图.39 图 4.2 系统主功率电路.40 图 4.3 IPM 故障保护处理电路.41 图 4.4 充电缓冲电路.42 图 4.5 速度信号采样电路.47 图 4.6 电流采样示意图.47 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 ix图 4.7 电流采样电路.48 图 4.8 通信接口电路.48 图 4.9 D/A 转换电路原理图 .49 图 4.10 人机界面原