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1、1An IT Based Framework for Effective Learning and TeachingAbstractIn this paper the 4P IT based framework for effective learning and teaching is proposed. This framework combines the theories of cognition and multimedia to help deliver effective learning by selective rehearsal and effective teaching
2、 through multimedia and traversal history. A modular approach is adopted for the teaching language because text and speech can be changed and replaced to suit the learning community. The prototype has been tested with different subjects in the BAC (hons) program in the PolyU and the preliminary outc
3、ome indicates that the 4P framework is indeed an effective solution.Keyword: rehearsal, multimedia, user friendliness, contemporary, software platform1. Introduction In this paper the 4P (P for principal elements) IT based framework for effective learning and teaching is proposed. The preliminary te
4、st results with the prototype confirm that the framework is indeed an effective solution and further work in the same direction is definitely worthwhile. One of the many test cases is selected for demonstration later. In the context of this project, effective learning means making the learning proce
5、ss easy, interesting and stimulating. It is important objective to make the learning process location-independent and this involves exploitation of the Internet and web technologies. In effective teaching and learning, it is normal to include progress measurement (e.g. tests) to evaluate student ach
6、ievement. The measured result enables teachers to judge how to help individual learners better. The rationale is to identify the weakness of the even the brightest students so that measures can be tailored to help them excel. In the process, effective learning (EL) and effective teaching (ET) are br
7、idged to form the two halves of an effective education cycle. The 4P framework emphasizes on supporting the process of rehearsal. In the light of cognition 1 rehearsal is a process to encode information picked up by different human sensors (e.g. for image, sound and motion) into the short-term memor
8、y. It is a repetitive maintenance process to keep the information alive and away from slippage. Since the short-term memory is very small, the information would eventually be transferred, organized, encoded and stored as permanent knowledge in the long-term memory. The learning process can be modell
9、ed as a network of operation paths in a stochastic process 2. Each path can reflect the learning capability of an individual because a learner may find that certain paths are easier to follow. In order to develop an IT based framework for effective education, it is necessary to combine cognition, so
10、ftware development techniques, and multimedia 3,4. The idea is to let the knowledge provider transcribe a mental idea accurately into IT representation so that 2the learners can grasp the material effectively and efficiently 5,6. For achieving this goal, the 4P framework is based on four principal (
11、4P) elements, namely, user friendliness, rehearsal, multimedia, and contemporary. The final system should be able to run on a standalone computer or over a network. Our experience with the 4P prototype is positive so far. We will later present and demonstrate the chosen 4P test case over the Interne
12、t for the subject: Distributed and Parallel Computing. 2. The 4P ElementsIn this section, we will first define the 4P elements, namely, user friendliness, rehearsal, multimedia, and contemporary. User friendliness depends on three quality factors: availability, navigation and indication. Availabilit
13、y means that a user can invoke the system anywhere easily; navigation allows the user to selectively execute different parts of the system that pertain to specific learning requirements; indication automatically reminds the user of what is currently being done. An example is that when the cursor is
14、over an icon, the system would enlarge the icon and explain concisely the function of that icon at the same time.Rehearsal in cognition, is a maintenance process that keeps information in the short- term memory alive. In practicality it means the learner would traverse different operation paths over
15、 and over again to prevent information slippage until the information is stored in the long-term memory as permanent knowledge 1. We use the network in Figure 1 to depict the rehearsal process. If node A is the source and node E be the destination, then the possible operation paths from A to E inclu
16、de AE, ABCE, ACE, and ADGFE. If every node represents a block of the target knowledge, then a learner can rehearse by going from A to E repetitively through preferred paths. For example, if a learner decides that B, D and G should be omitted in the current trial, then the learning path becomes ACE. All the traversal links in the rehearsal process is bi-directional because a learner should be able to backtrack and then go for a differ
