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1、- 1 -高中英语语法状语从句导学案晋城一中 崔巧凤学习目标学习目标：学生懂得状语从句的定义，句法功能，分类，引导词，及各类状语从句的用法，联系高考试题提高学生分析和解决问题的能力。学习方法：学习方法：自主学习讲义内容，独立完成题目并且小组讨论达标练习和巩固练习。一概念及分类：句子可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句；复合句中从句可分为定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句。用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：1.时间状语从句；2.地点状语从句；3.原因状语从句； 4.条件状语从句；5.目的状语从句；6.让步状语从句； 7.比较状语从句； 8.方式状语从句；9
2、.结果状语从句。二时间状语从句（一） when, while 和 as1,when, 观察下面例句，总结其用法：When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. When the film ended, the people went back. 总结：从句表示的动作_,主句和从句的先后关系_。在下列句子中，在下列句子中，when 的含义是：的含义是： We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off on our way whe
3、n it suddenly began to rainShe was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang.Hardly had I arrived when the train left.He had just finished his home work when someone asked him to play basketball.观察下列句子中观察下列句子中 when 的含义：的含义：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk t
4、here in five minutes.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?- 2 -when 表示条件，意思接近_观察观察 whenever 在下列句中的含义在下列句中的含义:I go to the theater whenever I get the chance.Come and see me whenever you want to. 2,while ,观察例句并总结用法：We were listening/listened to the radio while he was reading news
5、paper. I like tea while he likes coffee.Please dont talk so loud while others are working.总结：while 引导的从句谓语动词必须是_, 常用_时。作为并列连词，表示_，翻译成_；语气比 but _。把 while 的含义写在后面括号内：While we didnt agree, we continue to be good friends. ( )While they are my neighbors, I dont know them well. ( )While there is life, the
6、re is hope. ( )Strike the iron while it is hot. ( ) 总结：while 除了引导时间状语从句外，还可以引导_。3. as 引导时间状语从句：As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 从属连词 as 可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译为_或者_。温馨提示：当主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when ,while ,as 可互换使用。When
7、 /While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.题组训练 用 while，when， as 填空： _ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store._ John arrived, I was cooking lunch._ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.- 3 -How can he g
8、et good grades _ he wont study?I was wandering through the street_ I caught sight of a tailors shop._ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no soonerthan,hardly(scarcely, barely)when这些从属连词引导的从
9、句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为_.The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 注意：在 no soonerthan ;hardly/scarcely/barelywhen 结构中，主句用_，从句使用_时态。此外，当把 no sooner 或 hardly 等提到句首时，应用_语序。I ha
10、d hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly _.I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.=No sooner _.题组训练 英译汉：They phoned immediately they reached home._The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school._I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived. (注意主句时态： )_
11、Every time I see her, she is always busy._I want to see her the moment she arrives._表示时间的名词或名词短语也可以引起时间状语从句，如：_.- 4 - till, until 和 not untilHe remained there until she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.He wont go to bed until she returns.Until you told me I have no idea of it.It was no
12、t until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. 观察以上各句，找出用法。肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是_,意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。 否定句：主句谓语动词必须是_,意为某动作直到某时间才开始。_可以用于句首，而_不可以。在强调句型中 not until 两词在一起不分开；句首时，_要倒装。题组训练 句型转换I didnt leave until she came back._she came back _leave._not until she came back_ I _. before ,after 和 since1.before, 在之前：翻译下面的句子：Look before you leap. _All things are difficult before they are easy. _把下列各句中的 before 的含义写在后面： We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. （
