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1、 分类号：TP391 520.6099 密级： 天津理工大学研究生学位论文 航空票务公司免费接送顾客的 绿色车辆调度研究（申请工程硕士学位）工程领域：计算机技术 作者姓名：赵海南 指导教师：孙俊清 教授2015 年 3 月Thesis Submitted to Tianjin University of Technology for the Masters DegreeResearch on Green Vehicle Scheduling Problem of Free Picking up and Delivering Customers for Airlines Ticketing Co
2、mpanyBy Hainan ZhaoSupervisor Junqing SunMarch 2015独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取 得的研究成果，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外，论文中不包含其他人 已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得 天津理工大学 或其 他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究 所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。学位论文作者签名：签字日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解 天津理工大学 有关保留、使用学位论文 的规定。特授权 天津理工大学 可以将学位论文的全部或部分
3、内容编入 有关数据库进行检索，并采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编，以 供查阅和借阅。同意学校向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复本和电子文 件。（保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权说明）学位论文作者签名：导师签名：签字日期：年月日签字日期：年月日摘要民航客运的快速发展，催生了许多为民航客运提供辅助服务的公司企业，其中，航 空票务公司是典型的以服务民航企业和旅客为目的的公司企业之一。面对着越来越多的 竞争压力，一些航空票务公司推出免费接送服务，以让利为代价增加顾客的满意度并提 高市场的份额。近年来，随着全球气候变暖以及环境污染的不断加剧，人们对环境问题 越来越关注，减少碳排放的绿色出行逐渐引起
4、大家的重视。为了提高企业的社会声誉， 航空票务公司在安排车辆接送顾客的过程中，不得不考虑绿色车辆调度与路径规划问题。 但是，目前已有的讨论航空公司免费接送旅客服务的车辆调度及其路径规划研究大多借 鉴一般的物流企业的相关研究的模型和方法，对这种公司及其所服务的对象的特点考虑 不足。因此，本文综合考虑了顾客满意度、接顾客时间窗、到达机场时间窗和顾客点质 量等因素，对航空票务公司接送旅客服务的绿色车辆调度与路径规划问题进行了研究。 具体研究内容如下：本文首先在一定顾客满意度水平的条件下，综合考虑了车辆到达顾客点的软、硬时 间窗约束和车辆到达机场的软、硬时间窗约束，以实现车辆使用成本和燃油消耗与碳排
5、放成本最小化为目标，建立了问题的数学模型；然后根据问题的特点，应用基于排序的 聚类优先启发式算法对问题进行求解。通过仿真实验分析发现，对于规模较小的问题实 例，基于排序的聚类优先启发式算法可以快速的求出问题的解，并且所求得的解能够保 证航空票务公司在降低碳排放量和减少车辆使用成本的这两方面达到基本均衡。由于基于排序的聚类优先启发式算法只能求解较小规模的问题的实例，因此本文基 于启发式算法和禁忌搜索算法设计了一种求解该问题的混合禁忌算法。仿真实验表明， 该混合禁忌算法不仅可以解决较小规模的问题，也可以解决较大规模的问题。根据文中所给出的一个仿真数据实例，当目标函数加权和的碳排放费用权重系数 =
6、0.7时，碳 排放成本有较为显著的降低，而车辆行驶总费用并没有显著的增加。这说明禁忌搜索算法，能够得到对环境更为友好且没有显著增加企业运营成本的绿色车辆调度与路径规划 方案。此外，本论文还对模型中目标函数加权和的碳排放费用权重系数 进行分析，得 出了最优或近似最优的车辆调度与路径规划方案所花费的总费用和碳排放费用与权重系数之间的关系。关键字：机场接送服务，车辆调度，绿色路径规划，禁忌搜索算法，顾客满意度AbstractThe rapid development of civil aviation passenger transport has given rise to a several k
7、inds of companies that provide some ancillary services for airlines and the customers. A typical kind of such the companies is the airline ticketing company. Because of facing fierce market competition, some airline ticketing companies provides their customers the free services of picking up and del
8、ivering, which will decrease profits in return for customer satisfaction and increase market share. In recent years, people are paying more and more attention to environmental issues such as global warming and increasing environmental pollution. Hence the green travel, which can make a contribution
9、to reducing carbon emissions and fuel consumption, is attracting more and more attentions from the customers. In order to improve the social image of the enterprises, the airline ticketing companies have to take the green vehicle scheduling and route planning problem into consideration when arrangin
10、g their vehicle to pick up and deliver customers. However, most of the existing research on the problem learns from the related models and methods in general logistics enterprise and pays little attention to the characteristics of airline ticketing company and customers they served. Therefore, takin
11、g the customer satisfaction, customer time window, airport time window and the mass of each customer point into consideration, this paper studies green vehicle scheduling and route planning problem for airline ticketing companies to pick up and deliver customers. The detailed research contents are a
12、s follows:Firstly, taking the soft and hard time window of customer points and airport into consideration, this paper establish the mathematical model of the problem under a certain level of customer satisfaction, which takes minimizing the usage charge of the vehicles cost and fuel consumption and
13、carbon emissions as its objectives. Then, the permutation-based cluster priority heuristic (PBCPH) algorithm is used to solve the problem according to the characteristics of the problem. Through the analysis of the simulation experiments, we find that the PBCPH algorithm can quickly find the solutio
14、n of the instances with small scale, and the obtained solution could balance the two aspects between reducing carbon emissions and reducing vehicle cost for the airline ticketing company.Because of that the PBCPH algorithm can only solve the problem instances with smaller scale, so this paper design
15、s a kind of hybrid tabu algorithm based on the heuristic approach and the tabu search algorithm to solve the problem. The simulation experiments show that the hybrid tabu algorithm can not only solve problem with smaller scale, but also solve the instances with larger scale. For a simulation data ex
16、ample used in this paper, the results show that whenthe weight coefficient of carbon emissions is 0.7, the cost of carbon emissions is significantlyreduced, while there is no significant increase in usage charge of vehicle. This shows that the hybrid tabu algorithm can find a green vehicle scheduling and routing plan for the company,which is friendly to the environment without significantly increasing of the operating cost
