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1、沅江三中奇迹五班沅江三中奇迹五班 - - 1 1 - - 作者：作者：RIVERRIVER20152015 年高考英语知识串讲年高考英语知识串讲 第 1 讲 一、Language Points 1.sharev. 分享、合用：share sth with sb n. 一份，股份 sparea. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tire v. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/ spare one of sandwiches for the boy spare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本 savev.
2、节省，救出 2.He felt lucky to have survived the war. 3.with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论 argu efor/against sth：赞成/反对Sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事 4.have/make/let/see/watch/listen to +宾+宾补(do/doing/done) get sb to do sth have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done) 5.So+同一主语+助动词 So+助动词+另一主语 neither/nor +助动词+另一主语 So
3、it is/was with+另一主语 6.should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done 7.except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause besides/in addition apart from but for=without 8.The first time+从句 For the first time：作时间状语 Its the first time+that-clause(完成时) the first+名词+to do 9.most most of the +n.(pl)
4、/pron. the majority of (the) mostly: 主要地（状） 10.be equal to sth：与相等 be equal to (doing) sth：胜任(做)某事 equal sth：与相等 equal sb in sth：在方面与某人匹敌 pareto/with compared to/with 12.a great many several/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.) (many) dozens of a great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.) seveal/two dozen of +pro
5、n. 13.much too+adj/adv(原级) too much+n.(u.) too many+n.(pl.) 14. 没有被动态come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句)happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意) sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划)break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发)occur(与 happen 通用)It occurs to sb that/to do：某人突然想起 15. n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phraseto do：表将来 With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行Done：表过去 16. 强调句型的判断方法
6、：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例： It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.二、语法专题名词的考点 1. 考查可数名词和不可数名词。 2. 考查名词的格，即 s 所有格，of 所有格或双重所有格。 3. 名词及名词短语的辨析。 4. 名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。三、题型归纳辨析型单项填空 名词的辨析名词的辨析 1、注意名词单复数的意义区别，如 parent 指父亲或母亲，而 parents 指父母双亲；people 指人们，而 a people 指民族。 2、注意
7、可数与不可数时的意义区别，如: exercise 指锻炼；而 exercises 指练习题或练习操； 3、注意同义名词或近义名词的区别，如: event 指发生的重大事件、 体育项目；incident 指偶发事件；而 accident 指意外事件。最后还 要注意近形词的区别，如: cloth 指布；cloths 指各种不同用途的布； clothes 指衣服(复数)，clothing 衣服(总称)。 动词的辨析动词的辨析 对于动词的辨析，首先要了解动词的及物与不及物，其次是要弄 清动词的词义区别，如: advise 与 persuade,最后还要区别各种非谓 语动词间的意义和用法：动词的 v-i
8、ng 形式表示正在进行或伴随的 动作；v-ed 形式表示完成或被动；to do 形式表示即将进行的动作 等。 3. 形容词、副词的辨析 一是要注意近义词间的区别，如: clever 指对问题处理的圆滑； bright 指对问题的反应快；wise 指选择的正确等。此外，如 wide 与 broad; strong 与 powerful; interesting 与 interested; exciting 与 excited 等。 二是注意同形的形容词和副词，如: close 作形容词时意为“亲密 的” ；作副词时意为“接近，靠拢” 。 三是注意同根副词的区别，如: hard 与 hardly,
9、 前者指猛烈地、努 力地；而后者意为几乎不。 四是注意副词形式的形容词，如: friendly, lovely, lively 实际上是形 容词，切不可当作副词使用。 五是注意形容词的位置区别，如: present+n.与 n.+present，前者指 当前的；而后者指在场的。 4. 介词的辨析 对介词的辨析要从两方面入手，一是介词的词义，如: across, through, past, over 为动作介词，across 强调从表面横过，越过； through 强调从空间穿过；past 强调从侧面、旁边经过；over 强调 从空中越过而不接触，也可以表示越过一段距离、空间等。此外， 如 a
10、bove, over, on; with, by; of, to; to, for 的区别。 5. 连词的辨析 连词的区别主要在于：一是连词的意义，如：when, while 与 as; because, since 与 for; whether 与 if; though, as 与 although 等。二是 注意时间名词短语转化而成的连词，如： every/each time; the first/secondtime; the moment; the minute 等，它们都可作连词，连 接从句。三是注意副词转化而成的连词，如: directly, immediately, instan
11、tly 等。四是注意连词的词序，如: only if 与 if only, 前者意为 “只要” ，后者意为“要是就好了” 。 6. 代词的辨析 代词的辨析包括不定代词，如: other, others, the other, the others, another 等；人称代词，如: one, it, that 等和关系代词，如: which 与 that; which 与 as; whose 与 prep.+which/whom 等。 1. Does the teacher_ you to go home this weekend? A. allowB. consent C. agreeD.
12、 approve 2. After the big fire, the house was completely_. A. ruinedB. destroyedC. damagedD. spoiled 3. The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest_. A. livingB. aliveC. livelyD. live 4. _ talking with his Grandma, he went away without saying a word.沅江三中奇迹五班沅江三中奇迹五班 - - 2 2 - - 作者：作者：RIVER
13、RIVERA. Tiring withB. Tiring ofC. Tired withD. Tired of 5. Its necessary to have some_ knowledge for this job. A. electricB. electricalC. elctronD. electricity 6. The photo_ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year. A. hangB. hangingC. hungD. hanged 7. On New Years Day, people, especially girls, a
14、lways wear new_- new hats, new coats, new trousers and new shoes. A. clothesB. clothingC. clothD. cloths 8. He stays up_ in the evenings to go online to get the_ information. A. late, latestB. lately, lastC. late, lastD. latest, latest 9. _ is it to ask her about her about that? She doesnt know it e
15、ither. A. What goodB. How good C. What a good D. How much good 10. _ I had done it I knew I had made a mistake. A. HardlyB. DirectlyC. mostlyD. Nearly 11. It is said you went to see Jenny yesterday. What has become_ her? A. fromB. ofC. intoD. / 12. Who do you think will be allowed_ there tomorrow? A. visitB. to visitC. visitingD.
