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1、常见溶剂极性强弱如下：水(极性最大)甲酰胺甲醇乙腈 乙醇丙醇丙酮二氧六环四氢呋喃甲乙酮正丁醇 醋酸乙酯yi 醚异丙醚二氯甲烷氯仿溴乙烷苯氯丙烷甲苯四氯化碳二硫化碳环己烷己烷庚烷煤油(极性最小),请参考! 化合物名称化合物名称极性极性粘度粘度沸点沸点吸收波长吸收波长i-pentane(异戊烷)0-30-n-pentane(正戊烷)00.2336210Petroleum ether(石油醚)0.010.33060210Hexane(己烷)0.060.3369210Cyclohexane(环己烷)0.1181210Isooctane(异辛烷)0.10.5399210Trifluoroacetic a
2、cid(三氟乙酸)0.1-72-Trimethylpentane(三甲基戊烷)0.10.4799215Cyclopentane(环戊烷)0.20.4749210n-heptane(庚烷)0.20.4198200Butyl chloride(丁基氯; 丁酰氯)10.4678220Trichloroethylene(三氯乙烯; 乙炔化三氯)10.5787273Carbon tetrachloride(四氯化碳)1.60.9777265Trichlorotrifluoroethane(三氯三氟代乙烷)1.90.7148231i-propyl ether(丙基醚; 丙醚)2.40.3768220Tol
3、uene(甲苯)2.40.59111285p-xylene(对二甲苯)2.50.65138290Chlorobenzene(氯苯)2.70.8132-o-dichlorobenzene(邻二氯苯)2.71.33180295Ethyl ether(二 yi 醚; 醚)2.90.2335220Benzene(苯)30.6580280Isobutyl alcohol(异丁醇)34.7108220Methylene chloride(二氯甲烷)3.40.44240245Ethylene dichloride(二氯化乙烯)3.50.7884228n-butanol(正丁醇)3.72.95117210n-
4、butyl acetate(醋酸丁酯；乙酸丁酯)4-126254n-propanol(丙醇)42.2798210Methyl isobutyl ketone(甲基异丁酮)4.2-119330Tetrahydrofuran(四氢呋喃)4.20.5566220Ethyl acetate（乙酸乙酯）4.300.4577260i-propanol(异丙醇)4.32.3782210Chloroform(氯仿)4.40.5761245Methyl ethyl ketone(甲基乙基酮)4.50.4380330Dioxane(二恶烷; 二氧六环; 二氧杂环己烷) 4.81.54102220Pyridine(
5、吡啶)5.30.97115305Acetone(丙酮)5.40.3257330Nitromethane(硝基甲烷) 60.67101330Acetic acid(乙酸) 6.21.28118230Acetonitrile(乙腈) 6.20.3782210Aniline(苯胺)6.34.4184-Dimethyl formamide(二甲基甲酰胺)6.40.92153270Methanol(甲醇) 6.60.665210Ethylene glycol(乙二醇 ) 6.919.9197210Dimethyl sulfoxide(二甲亚砜 DMSO)7.22.24189268Water（水）10.21100268
