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1、初中英语否定句初中英语否定句肯定句变否定句1? 简单句中含有系动词 be、情态动词和助动词时,变否定句时需在系动词 be、情态动词和助动词后加 not。如: I am a teacherI am not a teacher He can help meHe cant help me 2简单句中谓语动词为行为动词时,要根据时态选用 do 的相应形式,把肯定句变为否定句。如: The little girl wants to go thereThe little girl doesnt want to go there He did his work yesterday He didnt do h
2、is work yesterday 3祈使句变否定句时,一般在句首加 Dont,但 Let us 或Lets 开头的祈使句在 Let us 或 Lets 后加 not 即可。如: Put them over thereDont put them over there Let us go homeLet us not go home 4主从复合句中,主句是 I think,I believe 等结构,变否定句时,形式上否定主句,实际上否定从句。如: I dont think chickens can swim 我认为鸡不会游泳。 5 “had better 动词原形” ,变否定句时为“had b
3、etter not 动词原形” 。如: Youd better go to school Youd better not go to school 6动词不定式变否定式时,常在不定式 to 前加 not。如: The teacher tells me to do it The teacher tells me not to do it 7使役动词和感官动词(make,let,hear,see,watch 等)后接省略 to 的不定式,此种不定式变否定句时只需在省略 to 的动词原形前加 not。如: I saw her workI saw her not work 8特殊形式的否定句,有以下几
4、种: (1)肯定句含有 every-的合成词时,变否定句时改为 no-。如: Everything is readyNothing is ready (2)肯定句中含有 always, usually 和 ever 时,变否定句时改为 never。如: He is always late for schoolHe is never late for school (3)肯定句含有 many,much 时,变否定句时分别改为few,little。如: Many students know himFew students know him (4)肯定句中含有 still 时,变否定句时应改为 no
5、 longer。如: Tom is still in bedTom is no longer in bed (5)肯定句含有 both, both and,all 时,变否定句时应改为 never,neither nor,none。如: Both of us are studentsNeither of us is a student (6)肯定句含有 nearly, almost 时,变否定句时应改为 hardly。如: Lily nearly knows him Lily hardly knows him (7)肯定句含有“形容词 enough”时,变为否定句时应改为“too 形容词的反义
6、词” 。如: He is short enough to reachitHe is too tall to reach it? 当陈述句中含有 both名词或者 bothof名词作主语时,改为否定句时则用 nei- ther 代替 both,并且要注意谓语动词数的变化。例 18Both of them work in the school library句子含有 both,改为否定句时用 neither 代替 both,同时谓语动词 work 改为 works,即:Neither of them works in the school library:too 和 also 用于肯定句中时,否定
7、句中用 either 替换。三、部分否定与完全否定比较以下句子:All of us laughed when we heard it. 听到这事时我们都笑了。(肯定句)All of us didnt laughed when we heard it. 听到这事时我们并未都笑。(部分否定)Not all of us laughed when we heard it. 听到这事时我们并未都笑。(部分否定)None of us laughed when we heard it. 听到这事时我们都没笑。(完全否定)【注】可能涉及部分否定的词语有 both, all, always, every等,即
8、not both 表示“并非两者都” ,not all 表示“并非所有的都” ,not always 表示“并非总是” ,not every 表示“并非每个都” 。 admit 承认 advise 建议 allow 允许 appreciate 感激avoid 避免 consider 考虑 delay 推迟 deny 否认 discuss 讨论 dislike 不喜欢enjoy 喜爱 escape 逃脱 excuse 原谅 fancy 设想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 imagine 想象 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介
9、意 miss 没赶上 pardon 原谅 permit 允许 practise 练习 prevent 阻止 prohibit 禁止 put off 推迟 report 报告risk 冒险 stop 停止 suggest 建议 understand 理解二、以下动词通常只接不定式(而不是动名词)作宾语:afford 负担得起 agree 同意 arrange 安排,设法 ask 要求care 想要 choose 决定decide 决定 demand 要求determine 决心 expect 期待 fail 未能 help 帮助hesitate 犹豫 hope 希望 long 渴望 manage 设法offer 主动提出 plan 计划 prepare 准备 pretend 假装promise 答应 refuse 拒绝want 想要 wish 希望。三、以下动词接不定式和动名词均可,且含义相同like 喜欢 love 喜欢hate 憎恨 prefer 宁可begin 开始 start 开始continue 继续 cant bear 不能忍受bother 麻烦 intend 想要attempt 试图 cease 停止