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1、毕业设计论文姓 名： 学 号： 学 院： 专 业： 题 目： 指导教师： 摘 要I摘 要能源问题已经成为当前世界面临的主要问题之一，国家十二五能源规划除 了通过加快推进新能源研发外，还在节能增效上下功夫，因此，在将来一段很 长的时间内，节能降耗将是我国面临的重要课题。节能增效包括节约能源和提 高能源效率两大方面。当前，火力发电厂是主要的能源消耗者和环境污染源， 根据有关的统计显示，我国平均供电煤耗率比发达国家高出了3060g/kWh， 从这点来看，我国的电厂还存在很大的节能空间。 电厂的热力系统是其主要的能源损耗处，热力发电厂热力系统节能是电厂 节能工作的新领域，是热力系统节能理论与高科技应用
2、技术相结合的产物。热 力系统节能主要着眼于优化和完善热力系统及其设备,改善运行操作,提高效率, 以实现节能目标。本文分别从火电厂两大主机锅炉和汽轮机的角度出发，分析 了热力系统中主要过程和设备的能源消耗情况及减少能源消耗的可能性，并分 别提出了节能减排的措施，最后提供了调查得到的节能实施的效果。这些节能 措施在实施时大都不需要对主设备进行改造，不增加新设备，因此，广泛开展 热力系统节能工作，对当前调整产业结构提高管理水平，促进技术进步。具有 非常重要的现实意义。对于新设计机组，可通过优化设计，合理配套进行节能； 而对于运行机组，可通过节能诊断，优化改造。监测能损，指导运行，实现节 能目标。关键
3、词：火电厂；热力系统；节能；余热利用AbstractIITitle：Thermal power plant Thermal System Energy Saving MeasuresAbstractEnergy problem has become one of the major problems facing the world in the future for a long period of time. Energy consumption will be an important issue facing our country. National Twelfth Five-Yea
4、r Energy Plan In addition to accelerating the development of new energy, but also energy efficiency efforts, energy efficiency, including energy conservation and energy efficiency are two key aspects, good energy efficiency that is the development of an energy bonanza. Currently, the power plant is
5、a major consumer of energy and environmental pollution, the input of fuel more than 60% of total calories boiler flue gas and energy through the condenser circulating water is lost to the environment and leads to environmental pollution. According to relevant statistics show that Chinas average coal
6、 consumption rate higher than in developed countries of the 30 60g/kWh, from this point of view, Chinas power plants there is a big saving space. Power plant thermal system is the main energy losses at thermal power plants. thermal power plant system energy is a new field of energy conservation .Ene
7、rgy efficiency is a thermodynamic system theory and application of technology combined with high-tech products. This paper from the two major thermal power plant boiler and turbine host perspective, analysis of the thermal system key processes and equipment energy consumption and the possibility of
8、reducing energy consumption and energy conservation are put forward measures to provide a survey of the last obtained implement energy-saving effect. These energy-saving measures in the implementation of the master device when most do not need to be transformed, without adding new equipment, therefo
9、re, carried out extensive energy-saving heating systems work on the current adjustment of industrial structure to improve management, promote technological progress. Has a very important practical significance. For new design unit, through optimized design, reasonable matching for energy; while for
10、operating units, through energy-saving diagnosis, optimize the transformation. Monitoring energy loss guide operation and achieve energy efficiency goals.Keyword：Power plant；Thermal system；Energy；Waste heat utilization目 录III目 录摘摘 要要.I Abstract.II 第第 1 章章 绪绪 论论.1 1.1 课题的意义和背景.1 1.2 国内外研究现状.1 第第 2 章章 热力系统节能理论热力系统节能理论.3 2.1 热力系统节能途径.3 2.2 现有节能理论存在的问题.3 第第 3 章章 锅炉部分节能措施锅炉部分节能措施.5 3.1 低压省煤器回收排烟余热.5 3.1.1 低压省煤器原理.5 3.1.2 低压省煤器的运行.6 3.1.3 低压省煤器节能效果.7 3.2 连续排污热量的回收.7 3.2.1 排污的能量损失.7 3.2.2 排污热量回收方法.8 3.2.3 排污热量回收效果.8 3.3 化学补充水系统节能.9 3.3.1 补充水补入除氧器.
