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1、i电电压压控控制制 LC 振振荡荡器器的的设设计计摘摘要要压控振荡器(VCO)是一种振荡频率随外加控制电压变化的振荡器，是频率产生源的关键部件。由于现代射频系统特别是无线通信系统的设计，迫于低压、低功耗、小体积、低成本的压力，直接变频接收机(DCR)这一电路结构引起了学界和工业界的关注。在计算机技术、测量技术、通信技术和石英钟表制作技术等领域，常常需要精度高、频率稳定度高且方便可调的信号源，用常规的信号发生器无法满足这种要求，而压控振荡器是一种很好的解决方案。压控振荡器作为频率综合器的核心部分，为信号调制或者时钟恢复提供准确的本振信号，是无线通信系统必不可少的一部分。本文设计了一种电压控制 L
2、C 振荡器，利用锁相环频率合成器来控制压控振荡器，使其能够产生高精度、高稳定度、频率可调的多个频率点。系统的控制部分采用单片机+FPGA实现，充分利用单片机和 FPGA 各自的优势，将任务合理分配，既满足系统对速度方面的要求，又可以较简单地实现键盘和显示控制。经安装与调试，振荡器输出波形没有明显失真，输出频率的范围是 1535MHz，可实现间隔为 100kHz 的频率步进，能够实时测量并显示振荡器的输出频率。关关键词键词： ：LC 压控振荡器、锁相环、单片机iiAbstractVoltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is an oscillation frequ
3、ency control voltage changes with the applied oscillator frequency generation source is a key component. RF systems, especially the modern wireless communication system design, forced low voltage, low power, small size, low cost pressure, direct-conversion receiver (DCR) of the circuit caused the ac
4、ademic and industrial circles.In computer technology, measurement technology, communication technology and quartz sheet production technology and other fields, often require high precision, high stability frequency source and easily adjustable with a conventional signal generator can not meet this r
5、equirement, the voltage-controlled oscillator Device is a good solution. VCO frequency synthesizer as a core part of clock recovery for signal modulation, or local oscillator signals to provide accurate, is an essential part of the wireless communication system.This paper presents a voltage-controll
6、ed LC oscillator, PLL frequency synthesizer used to control the voltage controlled oscillator, so that it can produce high accuracy, high stability, adjustable frequency multiple frequency points. System control section using SCM + FPGA implementation, MCU and FPGA full use of their advantages, the
7、rational allocation of tasks, both to meet the system requirements for speed, but also relatively simple to implement the keyboard and display control. The installation and commissioning, the oscillator output waveform without significant distortion, the output frequency range is 15 35MHz, 100kHz ca
8、n be achieved frequency step intervals, measured in real time and display the output of the oscillator frequency.Key words: LC VCO、PLL、MCUiii目目 录录1.概述.11.1 振荡器的工作原理及分类.11.1.1 振荡器的组成.11.1.1 振荡器的工作原理.21.1.2 振荡器的分类.21.1.3 压控振荡器.31.1.4 LC 压控振荡器.31.2 正弦波振荡电路的振荡条件.41.3 LC 振荡电路的选择与论证.61.3.1 三点式振荡电路.61.3.2 互感耦合式振荡电路.111.3.3 集成电路振荡电路.131. 4 振荡电路压控方式的选择与论证.142.系统整体方案设计.162.1 设计要求.162.2 系统方案论证.162.3 系统组成及工作过程.183.LC 振荡电路的设计 .193.1 MC1648 的介绍.193.1.1 MC1648 主要技术特性.193.1.2 MC1648 引脚功能和内部结构.193.2 LC 振荡电路及稳幅电路.203.2.1 LC 振荡电路.20iv3.2.2 稳幅电路 AGC .
