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1、国际贸易术语解释通则国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 前言（中英对照版）前言（中英对照版）Foreword By Rajat Gupta，ICC Cbairman The global economy has given businessbroader access than ever before to markets all over the world. Goods are soldin more countries，in large quantities, and in greater variety. But as the volume andcomplexity of global
2、sales increase, so do possibilities for misunderstandingsand costly disputes when sale contracts are not adequately drafted. The Incoterms rules, the ICC rules on theuse of domestic and international trade terms, facilitate the conduct of globaltrade. Reference to an Icoterms 2010 rule in a sale con
3、tract clearly defines the parties respective obligationsand reduces the risk of legal complications. Since the creation of the Incoterms rulesby ICC in 1936, this globally accepted contractual standard has been regularlyupdated to keep pace with the development of international trade. The Incoterms2
4、010 rules take account of the continued spread of customs-free zones, the increaseduse of electronic communications in business transactions, heightened concernabout security in the movement of goods and consolidates in transportpractices. Incoterms2010 updates and consolidates the delivered rules,
5、reducing the total number of rules from 13to 11, and offers a simpler and clearer presentation of all the rules.Incoterms 2010 is also the first version of the Incoterms rules to make allreferences to buyers and sellers gender-neutral. The broad expertise of ICCs Commission onCommercial Law and Prac
6、tice, whose membership is drawn from all parts of theworld and all trade sectors, ensures that the Incoterms 2010 rules respond tobusiness needs everywhere. 前言 国际商会主席 Rajat Gupta 全球经济一体化让生意的接触面比以往任何时候都宽广，可以触及世界每个角落。更多品 种的货物可供选择、卖向更多国家、卖得也越来越多。然而，随着全球贸易数额的增加和 贸易复杂性的加强,因贸易合同起草不恰当而带来的误解和高代价争端也可能随之增加。 国
7、际贸易术语解释通则，国际商会规则在国内和国际贸易用语的使用促进了全球贸易的进 行。在贸易合同中引用国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 可明确界定各方义务并降低法律纠纷产 生的风险。 自从 1936 年国际商会制定出国际贸易术语解释通则之后，此项在全球范围内被采用的合同 标准就经常性地更新换代，与国际贸易的发展步调一致。国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 考虑 了免税贸易区的不断增加，电子沟通在商务中的不断增多，以及被更加重视的货物运输中 的安全和变化等问题。国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 更新并加强了交货规则，将规则总量从 13 条减少到了 11 条，并且使得所有规则的表述更加简洁明确。国际贸易术语解
8、释通则 2010 同时也是第一个使得所有在买卖双方中的适用保持中立的第一个国际贸易术语解释版 本。 国际商会的商法和实践委员会成员来自世界各地和多个贸易部门，该委员会广泛的专业技 能确保了国际贸易术语解释通则 2010 与各地的商贸需求相适应。ICC would like to express its gratitude tothe members of the Commission, chaired by Fabio Bortolotti (Italy), to theDrafting Group, which comprised Charles Debattista(Co-Chair, F
9、rance), Jens Bredow(Germany), Johnny Herre(Sweden), David Lwee(UK), Lauri Railas(Finland), FrankReynolds(US),and Miroslav Subert(Szech Republic), and to Asko Raty (Finland)for assistance with the images depicting the 11 rules. 国际商会向 Fabio Bortolotti（意大利）的商法和实践委员会的成员表示谢意，向由 Charles Debattista（副组长，英国）
10、 ，Christoph Martin Radtke （副组长，法国） ，Jens Bredow （德 国） ，JohnnyHerre （瑞典） ，David Lwee（英国） ，Lauri Railas （芬兰） ，Frank Reynold（美国） ，Miroslav Subert （捷克）组成的起草小组致谢，并且向对 11 条规则的表 述给予帮助的 Asko Raty （芬兰）致谢。INTRODUCTION The Incoterms rules explain a set ofthree-letter trade terms reflecting business-to-business
11、 practice in contractsfor the sale of goods. The Incoterms rules describe mainly the tasks, costsand risks involved in the delivery of goods from sellers to buyers. How to use the Incoterms 2010 rules 1. Incorporate the Incoterms 2010 rulesinto your contract of sale If you want the Incoterms 2010 ru
12、les toapply to your contract, you should make this clear in the contract, throughsuch words as, “the chosen Incoterms rule including the named place ,followedby Incoterms 2010”. 2. Choose the appropriate Incoterms rule The chosen Incoterms rule needs to beappropriate to the goods, to the means of th
13、eir transport, and above all towhether the parties intend to put additional obligations, 介绍 Incoterms规则对一系列三个字母组成的贸易术语进行了解释，这些贸易术语对 B2B 的货 物销售合同有着实际影响。Incoterms规则主要描述了货物从卖方到买方运输过程中涉及 的责任，费用和风险的划分。 如何适用 Incoterms2010 规则 1.在销售合同中明示应用 Incoterms2010 规则（哎，原来的翻译啊，无语） 如果要使合同适用 Incoterms 规则 2010，应在合同中明确表明，例
14、如：所选择的 Incoterms 规则（含指定地点）适用 Incoterms规则 2010。 2.选择最契合的 Incoterms 规则 所选的 Incoterms 规需要契合实际，主要考虑因素有三点，1、货物，2、运输方式、3，买 卖方是否要加入其它责任条款，例如将办理运输或保险的义务加于买方或卖方。for example such as the obligation toorganize carriage or insurance, on the seller or on the buyer. The GuidanceNote to each Incoterms rule contains
15、 information that is particularly helpfulwhen making this choice. Whichever Incoterms rule is chosen, the parties shouldbe aware the interpretation of their contract may well be influenced by customsparticular to the port or place being used. 3. Specify your place or port as preciselyas possible The
16、 chosen Incoterms rule can work only ifthe parties name a place or port, and will work best if the parties specify theplace or port as precisely as possible. A good example of such precision would be:： “FCA 38 Cours Albert 1er, Paris, FranceIncoterms 2010”. Under the Incoterms rule Ex Works(EXW),Free Carrier(FCA), Delivered at Terminal(DAT), Delivered at Place(DAP),Delivered Duty Paid(DDP), 每项通则条款的解释性说明，都对做出恰当的选择极有帮助。不论选用哪条 Inco
