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1、高考英语语法复习：高考必考英语，情态动词考点透视考点点击：情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它是英语动词中最难把握的一类，也是每年高考必考内容。命题热点：为情态动词的基本用法辨析，情态动词表示态度的用法辨析，情态动词表示推测的用法辨析，情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。考查形式：主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。考查情态动词的基本用法一些常见情态动词的非常用意义往往为高考考查的焦点，考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。例 1：“The interest _be divided into f
2、ive parts, according to the agreement made byboth sides.” declared the judge. (2004 重庆)A. may B. should C. must D. shall例 2： The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course. (2003 北京春)A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do分析：上述两题均考查 shall 的非常用含义，当 shall 用于一、三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁
3、等。上述三题答案分别为 D、B。例 3：Hes strange - he _ sit for hours without saying anything.A. shall B. will C. can D. must分析：will 用来谈习惯和特性，尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为“他很怪，能一坐几个小时一句话也不说”。答案为 B。例 4：John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？(2005 全国)A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need例 5：Tom, you _leave al
4、l your clothes on the floor like this！(2005全国 II)A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not分析：must 用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”；而 mustnt 则表示禁止、不允许，是说话人强有力的劝告。故答案分别为 A、B。例 6：You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001 上海)A. might B. need C. should D. would分析：在某些名词性
5、从句中，should 表示惊异、意外等情绪，常译为“竟然”。答案分别为 C。如：It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平，这件事竟然发生在我身上。例 7：_it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”答案为 A。例 8：A left-luggage office is a pl
6、ace where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (2003 全国卷)A. should B. can C. must D. will例 9：The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow. (2005 浙江)A. should B. must C. will D. can分析：can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句中，用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性，用来
7、表达事件或情况可能发生(但并不牵涉到是否真的会发生)。故答案分别为 B、D。考查情态动词的推测用法1、对现在或客观事实的推测对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用 must, will, should, may(might)或could，语气依次递减。例 10：Helen _go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. (2005 安徽)A. shall B. must C. may D. can例 11：Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys. He alwa
8、ys wears green. (2005 广东)A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be例 12：That, I think, _ be all that I want to say.A. can B. could C. will D. ought to分析：must 的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should 的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may(might)译为“也许、大概”，表示把握不大的推断，后面常跟 but。could 的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。答案分别为 C、D、C。对现在或
9、客观事实的否定推测，常用 cannot 译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not 或 could not 译为“可能不”、“也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。例 13：You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.(2004 上海春)A. must B. shall C. may D. need例 14：-Isnt that Anns husband over there?-No
10、, it _ be him -Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. (2004 全国)A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not分析：在例 13 中，might just as well 表示“最好，还是为好”，说明喜欢的可能性不大，故用 may not。例 14，根据后面的 Im sure 可以看出，推测的语气较强，故用 cant 译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩，常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为 C、A。对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用 can 或 could，而不用 may/might。例 15：Mr
11、. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？(2001 上海春)A. can B. should C. may D. must分析：对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用 can 或 could，表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感情色彩。答案为 A。2、对过去事实的推测对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”，“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句，“may/mig
12、ht+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大，只能用于肯定或否定句，不用于疑问句；对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /maymight not + have + v-ed”，意思为“不可能/可能没做过”；对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”，意思为“可能已经”。例 16：He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005 北京)A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. can
13、t分析：根据后一分句判断，前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作，故用“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为 B。例 17：My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.(2000 上海)A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended分析：must 表推测时，不用于否定，nee
14、dnt have +v-ed 表示“本来没有必要”，shouldnt have +v-ed 表示“本来不应该”，“can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过”。故答案为 A。例 18：-Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.- Well. He _ have gone far-his coats still here.(2005 湖北)A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt分析：cant have gone far 在此表示现在对过去所发生事情的
15、否定推测，意思为“现在不可能走远了”；答案为 C。考查情态动词的虚拟用法例 19：Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.-You_ her last week. (2004 福建)A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told分析：对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用“情态动词+have + v-ed”，据此可排除答案 A、C，而 would+have +v-ed 常用于过去的虚拟语气中，should(ought to)+ have + v-ed”表示本应该做某事而实
16、际上没有做，含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。故答案为 D。例 20：He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. (2005 山东)A. could B. would C. must D. need分析：“could+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为：“他花钱买了座位，而他本来可以免费进去的”。答案为 A。例 21：You should not have swum in that river. You _ have been eaten by fish.A. must B. may C. will D.
