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1、第第 2222 章章 简单句和并列句简单句和并列句一一. .概念概念(一)简单句 由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是 主语+ 谓语。 (二)并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起 而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有 and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or 二二. .相关知识点精讲相关知识点精讲 ( (一一) )简单句简单句 1.1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。and 连接两个
2、并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但：(1)如果 and 连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个 事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动 词则要用复数。(2)如果 and 连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味 着一个人或 事物，谓语动词要用单数。 (3)当 and 连接的两个名词前都有 each，every，many a，no 等单数概念的限定词 修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。 2.2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。陈述句与疑问句的转换。 3.3.选择疑问句。选择疑问句。
3、 4.4.反意疑问句。反意疑问句。 (1)陈述句+省略问句 (2)祈使句+附加疑问句 (1) 反意疑问句的回答 ( (二二) )并列句并列句并列句分为:联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句 1.1. 联合并列句常由并列词联合并列句常由并列词 and,and, notnot onlybutonlybut also.also.等连接等连接 如: Use your hand, and youll find a way. 2.2. 转折并列句常由并列连词转折并列句常由并列连词 but,but, while,while, yet,yet, whereas,whereas, neverthele
4、ssnevertheless 等连接等连接 如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 3.3. 选择疑问句常由并列连词选择疑问句常由并列连词 or,or, otherwise,otherwise, eitheror,eitheror,等连接等连接 如:Either you leave this house or Ill call the police 4.4. 因果并列句由并列连词因果并列句由并列连词 so,so, for,for,
5、thereforetherefore 等连接等连接. . 如: it was late, so we went home. 5. 在在”祈使句祈使句+and/or+and/or+陈述句陈述句”结构中结构中, ,当前后两部分间为承接关系时当前后两部分间为承接关系时, ,用 and;前后意思 为相反关系时,用 or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由 if 引导的条件状语从句,但必须将 and 或 or 去掉. 如: Hurry up, and well be there in time.= If we hurry up, well be there in time. 6.6. becausebecause
6、 和和 so;so; although,although, thoughthough 和和 butbut 不能连用不能连用三三. .巩固练习巩固练习 1. I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,?A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they 2. help if you can,and our country will improvemore quickly and better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. Lucy,you wash the dishes, ?
7、 Mom,cant Lily do it? Its her turn to do it. A. dont you B. can you C. shall you D. will you 4. I will not take an umbrella with me today. it rains later on in the day?A. How B. What C. How about D. What if 5. You ought to stay up late tonight, you? Yes. Ive got too much homework. A. cant B. shouldn
8、t C. mustnt D. wont 6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul,?A. can it B. cant it C. can they D. cant they 7. There used to be a church in the small town,?A. used there B. usednt there C. used it D. usednt it 8. She isnt your neighbour, is she? . A. Yes,she isntB. No,she is C.
9、Yes,she is D. No,isnt she 9. to be a PLA soldier when I was young. And now you are. A. How I wanted B. How did I wantC. What I wanted D. What did I want 10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of whichC. its price D. the price of that 11. After
10、ten years,she changed a lot and looked different fromshe used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who 12. is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. Hes got himself into a dangerous situationhe is likely to lose control over the plane. A. wh
11、ere B. which C. while D. why 14. Information has been put forwardmore middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 15. What the doctors really doubt ismy mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. what 16. The student
12、s of the music school study . A. music but also some other subjects B. some other subjects as well as musicC. music as well as some other subjects D. some other subjects and music 17. air is to man,so is water to fish. A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As 18. There is plenty of rain in the south there is
13、little in the north. A. while B. as C. when D. so 19. several times about it,but he could not give the correct answer. A. Being asked B. Having been askedC. He would ask D. He had been asked 20. I dont like chicken fish. I dont like chicken,I like fish very much. A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D
14、. or； and 21. the days went on,the situation there got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 22. everybody is here,lets set out right away. A. Now that B. Because C. For D. After 23. The science of medicine,progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences. A. to which B. in which C. which D. with which 24. We must do the experiment carefully Miss Liu told us. A. what B. since C. as D. while 25. T
