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1、2012 届高考英语二轮语法复习学案（状语从句）届高考英语二轮语法复习学案（状语从句） 由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词） 、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它 可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是 一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让 步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对 方式状语从句也应引起重视。 （一）时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), si
2、nce, once, as soon as (或 the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time 等引导。 e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. He started as soon as he received the news. Once you see him, you will never forget him. No sooner had I gone to bed than
3、I went to sleep. （二）原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是 because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如 because 强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didnt get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember. （三）地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是 where
4、 和 wherever 等。 e.g. Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. （四）目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是 so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。 e.g. Speak clearly, s o that they may understand you. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. He left
5、early in case he should miss the train. （五）结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由 so that （从 句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so that, such that 等引导。 e.g. She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting. He was so excited that he could not say a word. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. （六）条件状语从句
6、条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说 话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有 if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的 if 不能用 whether 替换。e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.So far
7、 as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank. If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her. （七）让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由 although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no
8、matter who (when, what, ) 等引导。注意：as 引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind. （八）方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由 as, as if (though), the way, rather than 等引导。 e.g. You must do the exercise as I show yo
9、u. He acted as if nothing had happened. （九）比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用 than, so (as) as, the more the more 等引导。 e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels. （十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题 1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常
10、用 一般现在时表示将来。 e.g. Well go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. Ill write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽 不一致，是 it） ，从句的谓语又包含动词 be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。 e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night. If (you are) asked you may come in. I
11、f (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again. 3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句 意来判别。以 where 为例，能引导多种从句。 e.g. You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句） Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词） I dont know where he came from.（宾语从句） Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句） This place
12、 is where they once hid.（表语从句）练习、状语从句 一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句： 1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be. 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it. 4. He is such a good teacher that the studen ts love and respect him. 5.I sha
13、ll go to the park unless it rains.6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 7. Where there is water, there is life. 8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates. 9. Since you are very busy, I wont trouble you. 10. Even if (though) I fail. Ill never lose heart. 11. Once y
14、ou begin the work, you must continue. 12. I will find her wherever she may be. 13. Now that youve come, youd better have dinner with us. 14. He was so excited that he couldnt fall asleep. 15. We must do everything as he tells us. 16. India is much bigger than Japan. 17. No matter when you come, you
15、are warmly welcome. 18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.二、用适当的连词填空： 1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China _ he was fifty. 2. He began to work _ he got there. 3. Lets begin our meeting _everyone is here. 4. I like the English people, _ I dont like their food. 5.
16、 _ you go in China, you can see smiling faces. 6. He didnt come to the lecture, _ he was very busy. 7. _we had enough time, we walked to the cinema. 8. They will help you _ you meet with difficulty. 9. _ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot. 10.I didnt join them yesterday evening _ I had to go to an important meeting. 11. We would try to get a c
