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1、1中医名词术语中医名词术语基础理论基础理论 FUNDAMENTALFUNDAMENTAL THEORIESTHEORIES.1 1 哲学基础 Philosophical Basis.1 精气学说 Theory of EssenHaI Qi.1 阴阳学说 Theory of Yin-Yang.3 五行学说 Theory of the Five Elements.6 气、血、精、津液 Qi Blood，Essence and Body Fluids .41 病机 Mechanism of Disease.60 诊断学诊断学 DIAGNOSTICSDIAGNOSTICS .7777 诊法 Diagn
2、ostic Methods.78 八纲辨证 Eight-principle Syndrome DiEfireddon (Eight-principle Pattern Iden“Ecation) .116 六经辨证 Six-meridian Syndrome Difrfirentiation (Six-meridian Pattern Identincation) .126 卫气营血辨证 Defense-Qi-Nutrient-Blood Syndrome Differentation (Four- aspect PattenE Identiacation).130基础理论基础理论 FUNDA
3、MENTALFUNDAMENTAL THEORIESTHEORIES哲学基础哲学基础 PhilosophicalPhilosophical BasisBasis精气学说精气学说 TheoryTheory ofof EssenHaIEssenHaI QiQi精气学说 TheoryTheory ofof essentialessential qiqi：an ancient Chinese philo so phical system which explains the for mation of the universe by an invisible substance called qi.
4、The ceaseless movement of qi causes all kinds of changes，and the essential part of qi gives rise to life. 精气 essentialessential qiqi： the qi of the essence，from which life odgiIlated and by which it is maintained 精 essenceessence：(1)the essential part of qi；(2)all the substances usehl for the human
5、body，e.g.，food essence from diet；(3)the essentia1substance stored in the kidney，also calkd kidney essence 气 qiqi：the invisible basic substance that forms the universe and produces fiverything in the world through its movement and changes.2神 vitalityvitality；spiritspirit：liveliness derived from essen
6、tial qi，referrtng to (1) manifestations of vital functioning；(2)domindtion of all life activities； (3)spiritual and mental activities 三宝 threethree treasurestreasures：a conective name for essence，qi and vitality 精气互化 mutualmutual transformationtransformation ofof essenceessence andand qiqi：Essence c
7、an be transformed into invisible qi，and qi can be transformed into visible essence. 气机 qiqi movementmovement：constant movement of qi in the human body that maintainsthe vital activities气化 qiqi transformationtransformation：changes produced by the movement of qi，viz， metabolism of essence，qi，blood，and
8、 body fluids as well as their mutual transformation 生化 generationgeneration andand transformationtransformation：a term used in Chinese medicine to indicate the production and changes of things 升、降、出、入 ascendingascending，descendingdescending，exitingexiting，andand enteringentering：the various directio
9、ns of qi movement，the coordination of which maintains normal life 形 physisuephysisue：the form or structure of a persons body，opposite to but inseparable from spirit When the soulce of vitality stays inside，it is called the mechanism of the spirit；if the spidt moves away，the mechanism ceases.When the
10、 soulce of vitality stays ，outside，it is called establishment of qi；if qi stops，transformation is ended.常用引文常用引文 CommonlyCommonly UsedUsed CitationsCitations万物之生 ， 皆禀元气。Fiverything is produced with the endowments of genuine qi. 气始而生化 ， 气散而有形 ， 气布而蕃育 ， 气终而象变 ， 其致一也。 When qi starts，thfire is generatio
11、n and transformation；when qi moves， the shape of a thing is fonned；when qi spreads；thfire is multiplication， when qi ends，the shape of a thing is changing：alI things are alike. 生之来谓之精 ， 两精相搏谓之神 The original substance of life is called essence，and when Yin essence and Yangessence combine，vitality is
12、produced- 积精全神 Preserve the essence and perfect the spirit. 得神者昌， 失神者亡。 Apatient with vitality is apt to recover from the illness，while theart is 3a poor prognosis for a pa6ent without vitality. 升降出入 ， 无器不有。 In all visible things，qi ascends，descends，goffs out and comes in. 根于中者， 命曰神机 ， 神去则机息。根于外者 ， 命曰气立 ， 气止则化绝。When the source of vitality stays inside, it is called the mechanism of the spirt;if the spirit moves away, the mechanism ceases.When the source of vitality st
