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1、Detecting Software Patterns using Formal Concept AnalysisDiplomarbeitder Philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult at der Universit at Bernvorgelegt vonFrank BuchliSeptember 2003Leiter der Arbeit:Prof. Dr. Oscar Nierstrasz Gabriela Ar evaloInstitut f ur Informatik und angewandte MathematikFurther
2、 information about this work, the used tools and an online version of this document can be found at: http:/www.iam.unibe.ch/scg/The address of the author:Frank Buchli Benedikt Hugistrasse 13 CH-4500 Solothurn frnk.buchli.org http:/www.buchli.org/frankorSoftware Composition Group University of Bern I
3、nstitute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Neubr uckstrasse 10 CH-3012 Bern http:/www.iam.unibe.ch/scg/AbstractRedocumentation and design recovery are two important areas of reverse engineering. De- tection of recurring organizations of classes and communicating objects, called Software Pa
4、tterns, supports this process. Many approaches to detect Software Patterns have been published in the past years.Most of these approaches need a pattern library as reference. Personal coding style anddomain specific requirements lead to creating new patterns or adapting existing ones and make those
5、approaches fail. The second problem is that the found patterns of those methods are presented without connection to the other patterns. To gain an overview of the whole system and its mechanisms, we propose to set the patterns in relation each other.Our work shows a method to detect Software Pattern
6、s using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA). The advantage of this approach is that no reference library is needed and the re- sults are set in relation each other.FCA is a mathematical theory which detects the presence of groups of classes which in- stantiate a common, repeated pattern. Those found patte
7、rns are presented in a lattice, a partial order relation among the patterns, which allows us to explore the pattern which are in relation to them.We implemented a prototype tool ConAn PaDi which navigates with the Fish Eye View technique over the patterns. For validation we applied this tool to thre
8、e mid-sized Smalltalk applications.iAcknowledgmentsIt was a great opportunity what the Software Composition Group of Prof. Dr. Oscar Nier-strasz was offering me: I could write a master thesis in the field I was most interested in: software engineering. It was extremely interesting for me to live in
9、this world of academic research. I got introduced in the world of papers, citations, conferences, etc.I want to thank the people of this group. First of all my supervisor Gabriela Ar evalo, she helped me whenever I needed her assistance. It was a pleasure for me to develop with her the ConAn framewo
10、rk. Oscar Nierstrasz, St ephane Ducasse, Roel Wuyts, Michele Lanza took their time and helped me with their great knowledge, thanks a lot.Thanks to all the students from the pool for not let me suffering alone. Special thanks to Tobias Aebi and Daniele Talerico for sharing so many ideas, problems an
11、d solutions.Thanks goes as well to my family which made all this possible. Without their continuous support and advise I would never be where I am now.Last but not least, I want to thank Tinka, my love. Thank for being patient and accepting my time consuming commitment for AIESEC, I had beside my st
12、udies.Finally, I want to share to the reader one statement that came in this work true for me once more:The more you give, the more you get.Frank Buchli, September 2003iiContentsAbstractiAcknowledgmentsii1Introduction11.1Software Patterns in Reverse Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.
13、2Formal Concept Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21.4Organization of the Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Problems with Detecting Software Patterns42.1Introduction
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42.2Object-Oriented Reverse Engineering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42.3Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72.4Software Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、 . . . . . .72.5Scope: Detecting Software Patterns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83Software Engineering with FCA103.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103.2Formal Concept Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103.2.1Cont
16、ext and Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103.2.2Concept Lattice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123.2.3Algorithms to Build the Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153.3FCA Applied in Software Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194Detecting Software Patterns with FCA21iiiivCONTENTS4.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214.2Overview of the Approach . . . . . . . . . . . .
