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1、The Influence Of Individualism On American EnglishAbstract: As we all know, individualism is one of the most important national traits in America. My original purpose to compile this paper is to analyse the intimate connection between American English and American culture . In order to reach this pu
2、rpose , this paper will focus on the influence of individualism on American English.Key words : individualism ； American culture； American English1论个体主义价值对美国英语的影响论个体主义价值对美国英语的影响内容摘要内容摘要：众所周知众所周知,个体主义在美国是一个最重要的民族特征个体主义在美国是一个最重要的民族特征,我写这篇文我写这篇文 章的原旨是分析美国英语与美国文化之间的密切联系和相互作用章的原旨是分析美国英语与美国文化之间的密切联系和相互作用,
3、为了达到这个为了达到这个 目的目的,这篇文章将着重讨论个体主义价值在美国文化中的具体表现以及它在美国这篇文章将着重讨论个体主义价值在美国文化中的具体表现以及它在美国 英语中的反映英语中的反映 关键词：个体主义；美国文化关键词：个体主义；美国文化 ；美国英语；美国英语2“Individualism” is a special term created by Aloxis de Tocgueville (1805-1859), a French historian and pclitician. It painstakingly highlights a pclitical and social
4、philosophy that emphasize individualistic freedom and none-restraint, including self- advantage, Individualism and collectivism are the tnocultural systems and there from a sharp contrast between them. To discuss American culture, it is inevitable to talk about individualistic Value because Individu
5、alism is prevailing in American scciety. Individualism is a particular culture phouomenon which has come into being for a long time in American history . There are many forms of individualism in American culture .First of all , among these forms the self-benefit has got the most important position.
6、In addition , Individualism includes: self-interest ,self-heroic and liberalism. In some extreme cases, Individualism can even been embodied by non-governmentalism . Taking these forms of Individualism into corsideration , it is obviously that Individualism is inferior to collectivism. But compocred
7、 with feudualistic system which tend to restrain personal idea and personal development, it is an advancement. In some extent Individualism has fueled the development of productivity during the American historial course of productivity improvement. As we all know, language and culture influences eac
8、h other. Now we are going to talk about the close relationship between American culture and American English. In order to reach this ultimate aim, we are going to focus on the concentrated expression of idividualism in American culture and the influence of idividualism on American English. Americans
9、 have a strong consciousness of self-struggling and competition. Social environment makes many American people accept such belief : Every man for himself , and God for us all (人人为自己,上帝为大家), Every man is the architect of his own forture(每个人都是自身命运的建筑师) .Nevertheless, the lucky fellows who can be in an
10、 invincible position in the intense competition are in the minority . The minorityis entitled to enjoy reputation and previloge,euvied by others . The so- called“upward mobility”(上向流动倾向) in American English means the individuals moving from a lower rank, economic status ,political standing or social
11、 position to a higer rark, econcmic status, political standing or social position. There lies many chances of succoss in this “upward mobility”. Most of Americans are longing for that chance of success day and night . If there exists a choice , no one is willing to accept “jobs with no upward mobili
12、ty”(无向上流动倾向的工作) Even though someone gets the job with upward mobility , it does not means that he or she gets the guarantee of “gaining advancement in carrer”(发迹). Without the ability of independent struggling and confidence of attending competition ,no one will have a success. Like modesty which is
13、 the virtue advocated in orieutal nations , confidence is the virtue which is thought highly of by the American people in American culture . when you apply for a job in USA, you can not win the interviewers heart by showing your modesty but lack of confidence. There is a relevant fact that can be se
14、t as an example for you : The interviewers put the inlerviewees confidence from their behavior. If the interviewee comes in and takes the seat which is set in the middle calmly , with moving the other two chairs aside, he would be considered to be confident. From this point ,at least he satisfies th
15、e basic reqwirements of being accepted. Although this is just a popular legend,but in a sense it tells the truth that confidence is the essential quality for American people to take part in the competition.3In American culture , the conceptions which are related to “self” or “ego”(自我) are deep-roote
16、d and can be seen here and there. So it is natural that many words or phrases which are used for expressing “the conscionsuess of self”(自我意识) can be seen everywhere in American English .many of them are compound words consist of ego and self. Here are some typical examples: Self-absorption 自我专注 Self-cultivation 自我修养 Self-admiration 自我赞赏 Self-dependence Self-disciplined 有自我约束力的 Self-advancement 自我发展Self-expr
