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1、动词的-ing 形式的用法 A 动词的-ing 形式作主语 1动词的-ing 形式可直接置于句首作主语。Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。Learning about a language is easier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用语言容易。Being invited to the party was a great honor to the family. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。2为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末
2、。It is easy making plans, but it is difficult carrying them. 制定计划很容易，实行它却很难。It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。Its a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。必背：动词的-ing 形式作主语的几个常用句型。Its no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用
3、。他不愿意来。Its worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得的。There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 B动词的-ing 形式作表语动词的-ing 形式作表语的有两种不同的含义：1表示主语的内容是什么。Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。The real question is get
4、ting to know the needs of the students. 真正的问题是了解学生的需要。His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。2表示主语具有的特征。The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world. 看 到了世界上其它地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。The food at the dinner party did not s
5、eem very inviting. 宴会上的食物似乎并不诱人。比较：一般说来，动词的-ing 形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不 强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。Smoking is forbidden here. 这里禁止吸烟。 （泛指）Its not good for you to smoke so much. 吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。 （具体）They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold. 天冷时他们喜欢呆在室内。 （泛指）Would you prefer to
6、stay at home this evening 今晚你想待在家里吗？（具体 C动词的-ing 形式作宾语动词的-ing 形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。1作动词的宾语能用-ing 形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用-ing 形式作宾语，另一类是既 可用-ing 形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语。只能用-ing 形式作宾语的动词这类动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了!I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。They didn
7、t mind being treated like guests. 他们不在乎被人当作宾客对待。They admitted smokinghaving smoked in the hall. 他们承认在大厅里抽过烟。I regret sayinghaving said what I said. 我很后悔自己说过的话。He couldnt help laughing. 他情不自禁地笑了起来。I cant imagine the boy speaking so rudely to you. 我不能想像这个男孩对你说话这么没礼 貌。 必背：只接动词的-ing 形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有admit
8、 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免consider 考虑delay 耽搁dislike 嫌恶enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅fancy 想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成forgive 原谅give up 放弃cannot help 情不自禁imagine 设想include 包括keep 保持mention 提及mind 介意miss 逃过put off 推迟practice 练习resist 抵制risk 冒险既可用动词-ing 形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语这类动词虽然既能用-ing 形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有
9、以下几种情况：a. 有些动词，如 attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer 等，后面接动词的-ing 形 式或不定式区别不是很大。They prefer spending to spend their summer vacation in Dalian. 他们更喜欢在大连度暑假。I intend to buy buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 我想买一本英汉词典。提示：应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing 形式。I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。避免
10、说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语。 b. need, require, want 作“需要”解时，后面接-ing 形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式， 意义上并无差别，但用-ing 形式比较普通。 Your composition needs correcting to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。His coat wants cleaning to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。The old woman requires looking after carefully to be looked after care
11、fully. 这个老大娘需要 细心地照料。2作介词宾语动词的-ing 形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。常见的几种搭配形式有： 动词 + 介词 + -ing 形式Jason aims at becoming an astronaut. 詹森立志要当宇航员。I dream of being the best footballer in the school. 我梦想成为全校最好的足球队员。比较：keep doing 继续或保持做某事。 （强调动作的持续性）News lf successes keeps pouring in. 捷报频传。Keep on doing 继续或反复做某事。 （强调动
12、作的反复性）We will keep on trying and.if we get anything done.will notify you.我们将继续努力。有结果将通知你。Keep sb doing 使某人一直做某事（表示被迫进行的动作）Ill try not to keep you waiting. 我尽量不让你久等。Keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事（preventstop sb from doing）The stone walls keep the farmers cows from joining his neighbors cows.石头墙使农民家的牛不会混入
13、邻居的牛群中去。 动词 + 名词 + 介词 + -ing 形式Please excuse me for being late. 对不起，我迟到了。What prevented you from joining us last night 昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在一起Sandy wasted no time in getting to know the bosss daughter. 桑迪很快就开始就和老板的女 儿套近乎了。 名词 + 介词 + -ing 形式We like his way of teaching English. 我们喜欢他教英语的方式。He has little hop
14、e of passing the examination. 他几乎没有什么希望通过考试。I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。 形容词 + 介词 + -ing 形式Im tired of having the same food every day. 天天吃同样的东西我感到腻烦了。Peter is angry about not being invited to the party. 没有被邀请出席聚会，彼得很生气。Whos responsible for organizing this
15、conference 是谁负责组织这次大会？ whathow about + -ing 形式What about going for a walk 去散步好不好？How about playing a game of chess now 现在来下盘棋好吗介词 to + 动词-ing 形式to 既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号，在使用中比较容易混淆。若是不定式符号，to 后接动词原形；若是介词，to 后需接 -ing 形式。You must get used to washing your face with cold water. 你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。John has admitted to
16、 breaking the window. 约翰已承认了打碎窗子。 Im looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我盼望今年暑假见到你。He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。However, others strongly object to developing private cars. 然而,另有一些人强烈反对发展私 人小汽车。He is equal to doing this task. 他能胜任这项任务。The man took to drinking shortly after his wife died. 他妻子死后不久，这人就开始嗜酒。Isnt it time you got down to marking those papers 难道还没到你安下心来阅卷的时间吗？ D
