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1、1现在完成时现在完成时考点一：考查基本概念考点一：考查基本概念 例 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him .（呼和浩特）. knew . have known . must know .will know 简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束， 一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要 从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。 考点二：考查时间状语考点二：考查时间状语 例 1. He has _ b
2、een to Shanghai , has he ? A. already .never .ever . still 例 2. Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago 例 3. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 例 4. -Our country _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has ch
3、anged ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 例 5. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 例 6. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew 例 7. Harry Potter is a very
4、 nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see 析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类： 现在完成时常与 already（已经） ，just（刚刚，好） ， ever（曾经） ，never（从来，也不； 从不） ，before （以前） ，yet（仍然）等连用。故例 1 应选 B；例 2 应选 现在完成时常与 recently（近来） ，so far（到目前为止） ，in the past/“last + 一段时间“ 等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过 去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在
5、的。故例 3 应选 D，例 4 应选 C。 现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或 since +过去时间点“连用（含从句，从句过去时） 。 故例 5 应选 C，例 6 应选 C。 现在完成时还与 once（一次） ，twice（两次） ，three times（三次） ， several times（几次） 等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例 7 应选 B。 考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别 例 1.-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When _ there ? . will they g
6、o . did they go . do they go . have they gone 例 2.-_ you _ your homework yet ? -Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished2. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就 是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但 二 者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发 生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说 话 的侧重点在于陈述
7、一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生 在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语 （如 yesterday , last week , a moment ago 等） 连用。故例、的正确答案皆为 B 。四：考查非延续性动词的用法His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in例 2.-Do you know him well ?- Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have be
8、come . have made例 3.-How long have you _ here ? -About two months . been . gone . come . arrived例 4. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun. has been on . began例 5. His uncle died two years ago .（改变句子，句意不变）His uncle has _ for two years 例 6. Her mother has been a Party member fo
9、r three years .（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _ .例 7. It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . Was 简析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与 for 和 since 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常 是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下： close-be closed, put on-wear , open-be open get up-be up,finish/end-be over , lose-be lost ,
10、marry-be married(to), fall asleep/ go to sleep -be asleep , get to know- know ,come/arrive-be here/in , come/get back-be back , go/leave-be away , buy-have , join- be in/be a member of , catch a cold- have a cold become -be , borrow -keep , begin/start-be on , die-be dead , 等 考点五：考查词组考点五：考查词组 have/h
11、as been in / to 与与 have/has gone to 的区别的区别 例 1.Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 例 2. My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to .have been 简析：“have/has gone to + 地点“表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）“，指主语所指的人不在这 儿。“have/has be
12、en in + 地点“表示“在某地呆了多长时间“，常与表示时间的状语连用。 “have/has been to +地点“表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿） 。“ 故例 1、2 的正确答案皆为 A。3宾语从句宾语从句 The Object Clause一、一、He saidhe was in space.She says that she will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 Do you know why I like team sports? 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，w
13、hat 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句 I dont know if they will leave tomorrow. 由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 二、一般要注意什么？二、一般要注意什么？引导词引导词 (the conjunction) 语序语序 （the word order） 时态时态 （ the tense) 1 .Can you tell me _yesterday? A.when you come B. when you came C. you when come D.you when came 2.Im not sure _ he go with us or not. A. why B. that C. where D. whether 3. 我不知道他昨天为什么迟到了。I dont know _ . 4
