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1、 动词不定式考点 热 动词不定式考点 作者：徐阳陈松亭动词不定式向来是各省?市中考命题的高频知识点之一?纵观近年全国部分省市的中考试题,不难发现中考 对这一知识点的考查主要集中在以下八个方面:一、考查动词不定式的基本构成试题精选1. My mother often asks me_early. (2003年北京)A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up2. The teacher told her students_in public. (2003年黑龙江)A. not to shout B. didnt shout C. not shout
2、 D. to not shout答案 1. D 2. A考点分析动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,不受人称和数的变化限制,它由“不定式符号(to)+动词 原形“构成。其否定式常在 to 前加 not 或 never 构成,句型 ask/tell sb. not to do sth.是中考命题的热点。二、考查动词不定式作主语试题精选1._is difficult to work on the Great Wall. (2002年甘肃省)A. This B. It C. That D. Its2. Its nice_you_me with my maths. (2002年深圳市)A. for; t
3、o help B. for; helpingC. of; to help D. of; helping 答案 1. B 2. C考点分析动词不定式作主语时,常用 it 作为形式主语,而将不定式后置。如要说明动词不定式的动作的 执行者,可在不定式前加一个介词 for引导的短语;但如果表语是 kind, nice, clever 等描述动作执行者的性格。品质的形容词时,则应在不定式前加一个 of引导的短语,而不可用 for引导的短语。三、考查动词不定式作宾语试题精选1. They decided_at the end of this month. (2002年济南市)A. to leave B.
4、goingC. travel D. not start out2. All of us found_difficult to work out the maths problem.A. what B. that C. which D. it 3. Please stop_a rest if you feel tired. (2002年南宁市)A. to have B. havingC. have D. has答案 1-3 ADA考点分析一些动词,如 decide, hope, ask 等,常接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时,如果后 接宾语补足语,常用 it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放
5、在宾语补足语之后,其句型结构为:主语+谓语+it+宾语 补足语+动词不定式(短语)?特别是,有些动词(短语)后面可接动词不定式作宾语,又可接动名词作宾语,但所表 达的意义不同,对此,应该弄清楚它们的区别。常见的这类动词(短语)有:remember/forget to do sth.记住/忘 记要做某事;remember/forget doing sth.记得/忘记曾做过某事?stop to do sth.停下来(正在做的事)去做另 一件事;stop doing sth.停止正在做的事。go on to do sth.做完一件事后,继续做另一件事;go on doing st h.继续做某事。四
6、、考查动词不定式作定语试题精选1. Theres enough bird food_for a month. (2001年山西省)A. to last B. last C. lasts D. lasted2. She has no paper_. (2001年重庆市)A. to write B. to write with C. write on D. to write on 答案 1. A 2. D 考点分析动词不定式作后置定语时,与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。若动词不定式是不及物动 词时,则要带上与之搭配的介词,构成及物动词短语。动词不定式作后置定语,常用于“have+某事+to do
7、“或“en ough+名词+to do“结构中。五、考查动词不定式作宾语补足语试题精选1. Mother asked me_some fruit after supper. (2003年新疆生产建设兵团)A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to buy2. Let him_a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk. (2003年济南市)A. have B. gets C. to take D. has3. It was raining heavily outside. The father made the
8、 children_in the room. (2003 年桂林市)A. to stay B. stay C. staying D. stayed4.-I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhangs home just now.-Yes, she is often seen_the old man with his housework. (2003年呼和浩特市)A. help B. to help C. helps D. helped答案 1-4 DABB考点分析有些动词,如 teach, want, tell 等可接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语,即构成 teach/w
9、ant/tell sb. to do sth.结构。但是,动词不定式作使役动词及感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to。这些动词可归纳为 “一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, have 和 make),四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。“;在动词 help 后 面作宾语补足语时,to 可有可无。注意:以上省略 to 的动词不定式,在被动语态中都必须加上 to,但 let 不能用于被动语态。六、考查动词不定式作状语试题精选1. Yesterday morning I got up early_be late for the exam
10、. (2002年上海市)A. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to 2. Lets_so as not_late for the meeting.A. to hurry, to B. to hurry, to be C. hurry, to be D. hurry, be答案 1. C 2. C 考点分析动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,也可以表示结果或原因。为了强调目的,有 时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前面加 in order 或 so as。如果不定式为否定形式,要用 in order no
11、t to.或 so as not to.。七、考查“连接代(副)词+动词不定式“结构的用法试题精选 1. Theres no difference between the two words. I really dont know_. (2003年河南)A. what to choose B. which to chooseC. to choose which D. to choose what2. The students of Class One will spend their winter holiday in Shenzhen, but the students of Class T
12、wo havent decided_. (2003年广东省)A. what to buy B. how to goC. where to go D. which to choose3._the computer is a problem.A. How to use B. What to useC. Which to use D. Where to use答案 1-3 BCA考点分析在英语中有些动词,如 ask, decide, tell, know 等后可接“疑问代(副)词+动词不定式“作宾语, 以此对宾语从句进行简化。注意:进行简化的条件是主句中的主语和从句的主语必须是同一人称。此外,动词不
13、定式还可以和 what, where, how, when, which 等连接代词(副词)连用,在句中作主语。八、考查固定句式中动词不定式的用法试题精选 1. -You look rather tired._stop to take a rest? -All right. But Ill have to work for a few more minutes. (2002年呼和浩特市)A. Why not B. Do you C. What about D. How about2. The TV set is too loud. Will you please_? (2002年哈尔滨市)A.
14、 turn down it B. turn it downC. to turn it down D. to turn down it答案 1-2 DB 考点分析各地中考试题在固定句式中对动词不定式的考查常见的有:had better (not) do sth.意为“ 最好(不)做某事“。Why not do sth.?意为“为什么不做。“Will/Would you please (not) do sth.。意 为“请你(不要)好吗。“巩固练习单项选择。1. Youd better_your coat. Its cold outside.a. put on b. to put on c. pu
15、tting on d. puts on2. We began_English five years ago.a. learn b. learned c. to learn d. to be learned3. The Frenchman didnt know_this word in Chinese.a. how to tell b. how sayc. how to say d. how talk4. His mother made him_the floor every day.a. sweeps b. to sweep c. sweeping d. sweep5. She was heard_an English song in her room last night.a. sing b. sang c. to sing d. singing6. Peter asked me_him with his chemistry.
