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1、英语八级应试指导 校对与改错 (Proofreading and Error Correction) 1语法错误 (1) 词的误用 A. 词性的误用 1Theres no evidence that slow students are necessary unintelligent, or that unintelligent students are incapable of learning a language. 2. But can anyone seriously argue that being an athlete should require the acceptance of
2、 unnecessarily physical abuse. 3. Bad weather effects peoples health. B. 词义的误用 1. I am easily hurt because I am very sensible. 2. The garage, where there is a distinctive smell of oil, lies on the first floor, next to the shoe house. 英语中这样的例子还有很多，形容词如： credible economic historic efficient imaginativ
3、e intelligent credulous economical historical effective imaginary intellectual 容易混淆的动词和名词的例子，如： maintain renew instinct reward sustain restore intuition award 另一种词义的误用则表现在固定词组中动词的误用，如： get an advantage over: 胜于，优于 take advantage of: 利用 C. 介词的误用 1. It was market day, so people and traffic had been po
4、uring into the town from early morning. 2. It has been estimated that the earths surface temperature has increased to one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1805. 3. The place did not appear to be popular, for it was completely deserted, and in any case inaccessible for traffic. 4. The hunt
5、er-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplemented with animal foods. D. 连词的误用 1. Through it all, women in summer clothes threaded their way, laughing and chatting but children darted in and out of the crowds shrieking with laughter
6、or sobbing with fear because they were lost. 2. Although she was tired, but she went to work. E. 代词的指代错误 1. Air and water are also social goods in the sense that when we have used them, we can almost always dispose of it in someone elses backyard. 2. No matter what your interests are, you will find
7、that a library can be a great place to enjoy oneself while you learn. F. 名词单复数错误 1. He is by no means considered to be a great explorer. 2. Every means has been tried. 3. There are many woman doctors. 4. The fire has caused great damages to the factory. (2) 词的遗漏英语八级应试指导 A. 冠词的遗漏 1. They were selling
8、 peaches, melons and grapesharvest of their fields. 2. The composers themselves banded together into committee and this in turn sponsored a plan. B. 连词的遗漏 1. Ben is as talented, if not more talented than, the other actors. 2. Language provides a means of saying and doing things, teaching is generall
9、y divorced from the use we make of language. 3. Most people seem to need about eight hours sleep a day, curious and disturbing things begin to happen when the ratio is changed. C. 介词的遗漏 1. With properly designed courses, students, learning to do what they need to t he language, can rise to unprecede
10、nted levels of competence. 2. I hate being laughed at. 3. I wondered about the cost of building the ship which we were traveling. D. 其他形式的遗漏 1. Many bribes still believe and abide by ancient laws. 2. Henry preferred the hotels in Pittsburgh to in Boston. 3. Some say that Ella Pitzgeralds renditions
11、of Cole Porters songs are better than any other. 4. Chicago is larger than any city in Illinois. (3) 词的多用 A. 介词的多用 1. We teach for an unapplied system, rather than teaching students directly to do things that they need to do through language. 2. The ships exterior lights cut lovely shafts through th
12、ese depths (of the sea), yet even as I admired about the beauty, there seemed something odd about the sight. B. 冠词的多用 1. Mr. Harold Black, the president of the union, will give a speech next Friday. 2. Slum dwellers usually live in the huts, which are built of anything thats available. 3. So when we
13、 talk about the white or the colored, we are apt to imply and to believe that each adjective tells us more about the person in the question than it can. C. 代词的多用 1. They believed that they could introduce into politics the note of honesty and human concern that American seemed to need it so badly. 2
14、. There seemed something odd about the sight, something lonely that I couldnt initially explain it. D. 词的赘述 1. His work is more perfect. 2. He is more superior to you in every aspect. 2句法错误 (1) 主谓一致错误 1. The president of the college, together with the deans, are planning a conference for the purpose
15、 of laying down certain regulations. 2. Nevertheless we teach students to do and say things with language, which is fundamentally insignificant to them as persons, and consequently they say these things formally and impersonally.英语八级应试指导 3. 80% of all human illnesses is related to diet. (2) 时态错误 1. E. Wilson (1996) reported that positive rein for cement alone is a less effective teaching technique than a mixture of positive rein for cement and constructive criticism. 2. Tolemy taught that the sun revolves around the earth. (3) 语态错误 1. The fact that sleep is essential to life has k
