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1、 贸易方式词汇 stocks 存货，库存量cash sale 现货purchase 购买，进货bulk sale 整批销售，趸售distribution channels 销售渠道wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业hire-purchase 分期付款购买fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping 商品倾销dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度antidumping 反倾销customs bond 海关担保chain debts 三角债fre
2、ight forwarder 货运代理trade consultation 贸易磋商mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解partial shipment 分批装运restraint of trade 贸易管制RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差special preferences 优惠关税bonded warehouse 保税仓库transit trade 转口贸易tariff barrier 关税壁垒t
3、ax rebate 出口退税TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒贸易伙伴术语trade partner 贸易伙伴manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer, tradesman 零售商merchant 商人，批发商，零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户client, customer 顾客，客户buyer 买主，买方 carrier 承运人consignee 收货人进出口
4、贸易词汇commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易，外贸import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商import licence 进口许口证export licence 出口许口证commercial transaction 买卖，交易inquiry 询盘delivery 交货order
5、订货make a complete entry 正式/ 完整申报bad account 坏帐Bill of Lading 提单marine bills of lading 海运提单shipping order 托运单blank endorsed 空白背书endorsed 背书cargo receipt 承运货物收据condemned goods 有问题的货物catalogue 商品目录customs liquidation 清关customs clearance 结关国际贸易英语词汇集锦一贸易价格术语 trade term / price term 价格术语world / internatio
6、nal market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价 freight 运费wharfage 码头费landing charges 卸货费customs duty 关税port dues 港口税import surcharge 进口附加税import variable duties 进口差价税commission 佣金return commission 回佣，回扣price including commission 含佣价ne
7、t price 净价wholesale price 批发价discount / allowance 折扣retail price 零售价spot price 现货价格current price 现行价格 / 时价indicative price 参考价格customs valuation 海关估价price list 价目表total value 总值贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War R
8、isk 战争险F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险贸易机构词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fu
9、nd) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Developmen
10、t) 联合国贸易与 发展会议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定 商务合同英译应注意的问题(2)二、慎重处理合同的关键细目 实践证明，英译合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说，不是大的陈述性条款。 而恰恰是一些关键的细目比如：金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时， 常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。3.1 限定责任众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围， 常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。 3.1.1 and/or常用 and/or 英译合
11、同中“ 甲和乙+甲或乙” 的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一 部分。例 9：如果上述货物对船舶和（或）船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负 全责。The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on buard.3.1.2 by and between常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方” 签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同 所赋于的责任。例 10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。This Contract is made by a
12、nd between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 3.2 限定时间英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是 准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。 3.2.1 双介词用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。例 11；自 9 月 2O 日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。Party Ashall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20. 例 12：我公司的条件是，3 个月内，即不得晚于 5 月 1 日，支付现金。Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1. 3.2.2 not(no)later than用“not (no) later than + 日期” 英译“不迟于某月某日”。
