《非谓语动词最详细讲解和精选练习题》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《非谓语动词最详细讲解和精选练习题（5页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1 非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a. 动词不定式 : 表示目的或未完成的动作，也可以修饰前面名词或代词b.动名词 ：修饰名词，表示它的性质，或放介词后面做宾语 c.分词 现在分词 ：表示和逻辑主语为主动关系，或表示动作的进行过去分词：表示和逻辑主语为被动关系，或表示已经动作已经完成) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her
2、 seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一动词不定式的时态和被动形 式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to) 加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种： 1 一般式 to do 例如：I like to read English. 2 进行式 to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3 完成式 to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4 被动式
3、 to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 5 完成被动式 to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。To see is to believe Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用 it 做形式主语，将 to do 放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型 1：It + 谓语 + to do It ta
4、kes us an hour _to_ get there by bus. 句型 2：Its + n. + to do Its our duty _to_ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型 3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ）/ It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的 ） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
5、 / It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. / Its impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语 接不定式做宾语: I want to know this matter. / I dont expect to meet you here (1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determ
6、ine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish 等 They wanted _to get_( get ) on the bus, didnt they? He said he wished _to be_( be ) a professor. (2)it 作形式宾语 I find/feel to work with him interesting I find/feel it interesting to work
7、 with him Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider it+adj/n + to do sth. 1.We thought _it_ better _to_ start early. 2.Do you consider _it_ better not _to_ go? 3. I feel _it_ my duty _to_ change all that. 4.We think _ it _ important _ to _ obey the law. 5.I know _ it _ impossible _ to _ finish so much
8、 homework in a day. (3)常跟疑问词+ 不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain, know, discover, He taught us how to use the tool. / No one could tell me where to get the book /. I havent decided whether to go or stay. 下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词： stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing
9、 停止做 forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过 remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过 regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过 try to do 企图做，尽力做 try doing 试着做 go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事） mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做 cant help to do 不能帮忙做某事 cant help doing 忍不住做某事 1).In some parts of London, mi
10、ssing a bus means _A_ther hour. A .waiting B. to waiting C. wait D. to be waiting2 2).Boys, dont forget _D_ the windows before you leave the classroom. A. closing B. closed C. to closing D. to close 3).She reached the top of the hill and stopped _C on a big rock. A. to have rested B. resting C. to r
11、est D. rest 4).Remember _A_ the lights when you leave the office. A. to turn off B. turning off C. turn off D. to turning off III.作宾语补足语 1. Ill get someone _to_ repair the recorder for you. 2. What caused him _to_ change his mind? advise, allow, permit, ask, beg, cause, expect, encourage, force, get
12、, hate, invite , order, wish , want, warn, remind, promise, persuade, request+sb. to do 其中 advise, allow, permit 后面没有人作宾语时要跟 doing. 即：advise/allow/permit doing sth. / advise/allow/permit sb. to do sth. 注意不定时的省略现象： （1）在动词 feel （一感） ，hear, listen to （二听） ，have, let, make（三让） ，notice, see, watch, obser
13、ve, look at（五看）( 即：吾（五）看三室（使）两厅（听）一感觉) 等后面的补足语中，不定式不带 to ，但变为被动语态 后，必须带 to 。如：They saw the boy fall off the tree. - The boy was seen to fall off the tree. (2)help 后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带 to, 也可以不带 to.I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things. He is often heard _to sing_(sing) th
14、e song. Though he often made his desk mate _cry_(cry), today he was made _to cry_(cry) by his desk mate. notice, see, watch, observe, look at，hear, listen to, feel sb.do (经常做或看到全过程) I saw a man enter the bank. doing（正在做） I heard a baby crying when I came in. done（被）sth. I noticed a man hit by a car.
15、 make sb./sth. do 使某人做某事 I made the baby laugh by making a face. Get sb/sth. to do sth 使某人做某事done 使被 I raised my voice to make myself heard. done 使被n. 使成为 We made him our monitor.adj.使处于某种状态或体现某种性质 He put the water melon in the fridge to make it cool. have sb/sth. do 让某人做某事 The boss often has the workers work for 12 hours a day.done 把让别人给 I had my bike repaired yesterday.doing 让某人一直做某事 Why do you have me waiting so long a time?to do 有要做 I ha
