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1、 ii Abstract Since the 1980s, China started to use sanitary landfill to dispose garbage, until now this kind of technique is still widely used. Although the sanitary landfill numerous technical advantages as a garbage disposal, landfill leachate brings serious environmental hazards. Landfill leachat
2、e changes a lot in quality and quantity, containing high COD and ammonia, so it is hard to purify and recycle. In order to achieve the coordination of economic and environmental benefits, leachate reduction, harmlessness and resources, this paper uses non-metallic inorganic materials adsorption - co
3、mposting treatment to deal with landfill leachate. This experiment uses diatomite and bentonite as adsorbent for adsorption composting, studying material pollutants degradation characteristics (in the summer phase) and the affects of environmental temperature on the composting progress(in the winter
4、 phase), conclusions are as following: (1) By adsorption of the two non-metallic mineral adsorbent - composting experiment, in the previous 28 days, degradation meets the zero-order reaction kinetics, the diatomite composting meets the zero-order reaction kinetics equation: s t =-0.3295t+22.552 ， R
5、2 =0.9866 ， bentonite composting meets the zero-order reaction kinetics equation: s t =-0.2239t+37.152 ， R+=0.9861. (2) after a reaction period of 28 days, the nitrogen transformation basically becomes stabilized, according to the content of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate analysis resu
6、lts, the total quantity of latter two elements equals the former one, we can determine that when compost system stabled, the nitrogen has been converted into small molecules basically, which can be absorbed by plants, and composting is successful. (3) According to Compost Quality Standard， bentonite
7、 compost almost meet the standard except the TN is a little lower, but with bentonite using in sandland control the compost product can be used to control and fertilize sandland. Due to the nature o f diatomite, diatomite adsorption compost pH is always below 5, which cannot meet the standard, with
8、the characteristic of low pH, it can be used to control saline-alkali soil. (4) In Summer organic pollutants can completely degradated; it differs in winter, six days after the experiment the degradation takes no more change. It shows to us that temperature is a fundamental factor to the small-scale
9、 composting. Keywords: leachate, adsorption, compost, pollutant degradation, reaction kinetics iii 目 录 第一章 绪论 . 1 1.1 城市生 活垃圾及处理概述 . 1 1.2 垃圾渗 滤液的产生和性质 . 2 1.2.1 垃圾渗滤液的产生 . 2 1.2.2 垃圾渗滤液的性质及危害 . 3 1.3 国内外 渗滤液处理技术综述 . 4 1.3.1 国内外渗滤液主要处理技术 . 4 1.3.2 各种渗滤液处理技术所存在的问题 . 7 1.4 选题背 景和课题的提出 . 7 1.4.1 课题背景 . 7 1.4.2 课题提出 . 8 1.5 本课题 研究内容 . 8 第二章 实验材料基础应用研究和堆肥基本原理 . 10 2.1 吸附载 体的确定 . 10 2.1.1 非金属矿物土壤改良剂概述 . 10 2.1.3 吸附载体的选择 . 12 2.2 堆肥基 本原理和影响因素 . 12 2.2.1 堆肥的基本原理 . 13 2.2.2 堆肥的影响因素 . 13 2.3 本章小 结 . 14 3 第三章 实验设备材料和分析方法 . 15 3.1 实验设 计 .
