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1、1 话题语篇专攻练 4 语言学习(一) (建议用时40分钟) . 阅读理解 A CAN YOU IMAGINE HOW HARD IT WOULD BE TO READ SENTENCES LIKE THIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didnt bother
2、 good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They put somethi
3、ng that can separate words in a sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word “punctum”, which means a dot. When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading.
4、Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash(/)to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma(逗号). Since that
5、 time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark(感叹号)comes from the Latin word “io”. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word “questio”, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a ques
6、tion. Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the 2 “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what?
7、 ” or “How much did you pay for that dress? ”Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation. 【文章大意】文章介绍了标点符号的出现及逐步发展的过程, 并且它还在变化发展中。 1. From the first paragraph, we can know that_. A. good readers had tro
8、uble reading without punctuation marks B. a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece C. ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks D. the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times 【解析】选D。推理判断题。第一段讲述了古希腊、古罗马时期没有标点, 人们读句子的 情况及标点符号的出现。根据最后一句“The word punct
9、uation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot. ”可知开始有了标点 符号的使用, 故选D。 2. The passage is developed_. A. by time B. by space C. by comparison D. by importance 【解析】选A。推理判断题。第一段的ancient Greeks和 ancient Romans, 第二段的the 5th century, 第三段的Since that time和最后一段的nowadays可知文章
10、是按时间顺序 写的。 3. We can learn from the passage that_. A. ancient Romans didnt use any punctuation marks B. exclamation and question marks came from Latin C. spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century D. Aldus Manutius first started to use commas 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段The exclamation mark c
11、omes from the Latin word “io”. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word “questio”, meaning question. 可知感叹号和问号都 来自拉丁语, 故选B。3 4. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. The combination of two marks will not work. B. It takes time for people to
12、 accept new punctuation marks. C. Old punctuation marks need to be standardized. D. Punctuation marks are still changing today. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. ”及下面的例子可知本段在讲标点符号也是在不断
13、发展中的, 故选 D。 B (2017南阳模拟) Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home. What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once
14、a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health. Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre a
15、s much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground. Meal Plans Available Continental Breakfast Breakfast and Dinner Breakfast, Packed Lunch and DinnerIts impo
16、rtant to note that few English families still provide a 4 traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee. FriendsIf y
