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1、击： 278Passage OneA rectal study, published in last weeks Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager dr
2、iving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.The authorities also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, With passengers in the car, the driver was even
3、more likely to die in a late-night accident.Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with really stupid behavior than with just a lack of driving experience. The basic issue. Robert sa
4、ys, is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license
5、is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passage restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage
6、driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without t
7、he presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.1. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.C) Adults driving with three or mo
8、re teenage passengers late at night.D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.2. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _A) their frequent driving at night C) their lack of driving experienceB) their improper way of driving D)
9、their driving with passengers3. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.D) Th
10、e licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers driving accidents.4. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers driving accidents is that _ A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a ruleB) they should be prohibited from taking on passengersC) they should not be al
11、lowed to drive after 10 p.m.D) the licensing system should be improved5. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system _.A) is under discussion C) has been put into effectB) is about to be set up D) has been perfectedPassage TwoIf you know exactly what you
12、want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.Thats especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At
13、Cornells School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelors degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled
14、with work experience.But in the long run, too much specialization doesnt pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five
15、years.As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate(公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan States Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. The
16、y want someone who isnt constrained(限制 )by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz.This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David
