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1、专题八 议论文 图表式议论文是议论文的一种。一般可分三个层次来写：第一：按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。第二：对图表信息进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。第三：可描写读图表后的想法和评论，从而得出自己的结论。图表类作文（记叙、议论、说明）常见的词汇表达方式：1. 关于图表的种类词汇：数字表：曲线图 graph；表格 table；几何图形 figure 图形表：饼状图 pie chart；条状图 bar chart；平面图,示意图,外形 图 diagram2. 图表中的数据（data）具体表达法:数据（data）在某一个时间段内固定不变：fixed in
2、time在一系列的时间段中转变： changes over time,持续变化的数据在不同情况下：增加：increase/raise/rise/go up.减少；decrease/grow/down/drop/fall.；稳定：remain stable/steady/level/stabilize；波动：rebound/undulate/wave.3. 表示数据变化的单词或者词组：迅速的（地）rapid/rapidly；戏剧性的（地），生动的（地）dramatic/dramatically；意义重大的（地），重要的（地）significant/significantly；明显的（地），急剧的
3、（地）sharp/sharply；急剧升降的（地）steep/steeply;稳固的（地），坚定不移的（地）steady/steadily;渐进的（地），逐渐的（地）gradual/gradually；缓慢的（地），不活跃的（地）slow/slowly;轻微的（地）、略微的（地）slight/slightly；稳定的（地）stable/stably。常用句式：1)The table shows the changes in the number of.over the period from.to.该表格描述了在年到年间数量的变化。 2)The graph provides some inte
4、resting data regarding.该图为我们提供了有关的有趣数据。,3)This is a graph which describes the trend of.这个曲线图描述了的趋势。4)The graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in.该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。5)From this year on，there was a gradual decline /reduction in the.，reaching a figure of.从这年起，逐渐下降至,（山东省烟台市中英文学校高三年级第二学期高
5、考模拟） 最近，你校学生会对分类垃圾箱是否进教室一事进行了调查，调查结果见下表。请根据图表提供的信息用英语写一篇短文，介绍同学们的不同意见和看法，并表达你自己的观点。注意：词数不少于60。参考词汇：饼状图pie chart学生对分类垃圾箱进教室的不同看法及所占比例,1. 文体信息：文体：议论文；语体：正式语体；人称：第一人称；中心大意：学生会对分类垃圾箱是否进教室一事进行了调查，论述学生对分类垃圾箱进教室的不同看法。2. 主导时态：一般现在时。3. 内容要点：调查问题及调查对象；调查结果的体现（52%的人完全同意，31%的人完全不同意，12%的人部分同意，5%的人无所谓）；分析原因；表达自己的
6、观点4. 温馨提示：调查结果的体现可以运用各种句式，以避免句式单一，词汇单调。,Recently the student union conducted a survey on whether we should set recycling dustbins in classrooms. As can be seen from the pie chart, different students hold different opinions on this program. Only a few students care little about it. Surprisingly, abou
7、t one third of students are totally against the program. They dont bother to change their old habits. However, over half of the students are completely for the program, as it is not only beneficial to recycling of resources, but also it can help students develop their good habits of garbage classifi
8、cation. Besides, 12% of the students partly agree. They hold the opinion that educating people on how to classify the garbage goes first. Personally, Im in favor of this program. I believe its important to raise peoples awareness of garbage classification, from which we will get considerable benefit
9、s for the future.,文章总体来说，行文流畅，用词准确，表达完整，构思巧妙，从词汇看，作者使用了一些高级词汇，如conduct，Surprisingly, bother，in favor of，considerable等；同时作者很巧妙地使用了一些重要的复合句：非限定性定语从句，原因状语从句，同位语从句等。文章的另一个亮点就是层次清楚，内容合情合理，长短句错落有致。如能把下列句子加以优化则文章能更上一个档次：1）Recently the student union conducted a survey on whether we should set recycling dust
10、bins in classroom.改为被动结构Recently the student union conducted a survey on whether recycling dustbins should be set in classrooms.2）They dont bother to change their old habits. 改为 They are unwilling to bother to change their old habits.,Recently the student union accomplished a survey on whether recyc
11、ling dustbins should be set in classrooms. Seeing from the pie chart, we got an idea that different students hold different opinions on this program. More than half of the students agree with the program, in terms of the advantage, not only is it beneficial to recycling of resources, but also it can
12、 help students develop their good habits of garbage classification. Besides, 12% of the students partly agree. They hold the opinion that educating people on how to classify the garbage goes first. However, 5% of the students dont care about it at all, they said it wasnt serious in their lives. Surp
13、risingly, about one third of students are totally against the program. They dont want to change their old habits. It is my opinion that Im in favor of this program. I believe its important to raise peoples awareness of garbage classification, from which we will make contribution to a better future.,
14、Recently our class had a heated discussion over whether _(探讨的问题)or not. Different people have different opinions. Some people say yes. They think that _(支持的理由一). And _(支持的理由二). Besides _(支持的理由三，此点略低于前两个). Others, however, think students should not. They say_ (反对的理由一). And _(反对的理由二). In addition (以别于
15、前面的besides), _(反对的理由三). It is my opinion that_ (自己的观点)students should place their study,health and safety before other things._ (理由一至二).,最近，你校组织高三学生进行了一场讨论。主题是：要不要集中上晚自习。根据下图提供的信息，写一篇120词左右英语短文，客观地介绍一下讨论的情况，注意要涵盖以下要点。,One possible version: Recently our class had a heated discussion over whether ever
16、yone was willing to have the evening self-study at school or not. Different people have different opinions. 60 percent of the students think its a good idea to have the evening self-study at school. They think they can do better in their study with the help of the teachers. Also, they can concentrat
17、e on their lessons better in the classroom and with company of their fellow classmates. 25 percent of the students, however, think students should not. They suppose that they may get disturbed by others and there are possible dangers on their way home alone. At the same time, still 15 percent of the students dont have a clear answer to the question. They say they will go to school to have evening self-study if they are asked to, but they promise they can also do well at home.,
