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1、目 录UNIT 1 Programming Language .21-2-2 Exercises.2UNIT 2 Operating System .42-2-2 Exercises.4UNIT 3 Database.53-2-2 Exercises.5UNIT 4 Computer Network .74-2-2 Exercises.7UNIT 5 Software Engineering .95-2-2 Exercises.9UNIT 6 Middleware.106-2-2 Exercises.10UNIT 7 Embedded System .127-2-2 Exercises.12U
2、NIT 1 Programming Language1-2-2 ExercisesI. The Single Item Choice1. what is the first programming language？ AAusing holes in punched card Busing Turing machineC. FORTRAN languageD. using a magnetic drum2. who proposed the Analytical Engine? CA. Ada LovelaceB. Luigi MenabreaC. Charles BabbageD. Herm
3、an Hollerith3. which statement is correct below? DA. Logic could only be represented with numbersB. Logic could not be represented with numbersC. Logic could only be represented with wordsD. Logic not only could be represented with numbers but also with words.4. why is the first modern programming l
4、anguage hard to identify? BA. Because no one knows which programming language is good for use.B. Because the programs were more hardware-dependent.C. Because there exist many programming languages.D. Because the programming language has nothing to do with hardware.5. To some people, what can confirm
5、 the first modern programming language? A A. how much power and human-readability is requiredB. punch holes on a player piano scrollC. hardwareD. domain-specific languageII. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:scripting language,
6、client-side, first-class functions, site-specific, Web pages, multi-paradigm, implement, server-side, desktop widgets, naming conventionsJavaScript (sometimes abbreviated JS) is a prototype-based scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is a multi-paradigm l
7、anguage, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.JavaScript was formalized in the ECMAScript language standard and is primarily used in the form of client-side JavaScript, implemented as part of a Web browser in order to give enhanced user interfaces and dynamic web
8、sites. This enables programmatic access to computational objects within a host environment.JavaScripts use in applications outside Web pages for example in PDF documents, site-specific browsers, and desktop widgets is also significant. Newer and faster JavaScript VMs and frameworks built upon them (
9、notably Node.js) have also increased the popularity of JavaScript for server-side web applications.JavaScript uses syntax influenced by that of C. JavaScript copies many names and naming conventions from Java, but the two languages are otherwise unrelated and have very different semantics. The key d
10、esign principles within JavaScript are taken from the Self and Scheme programming languages.III. Read & Translate1. The Jacquard loom, invented in 1801, used holes in punched cards to represent sewing loom arm movements in order to generate decorative patterns automatically.发明于 1801 年的雅卡尔织布机利用打孔卡上的孔
11、表示缝纫织机手臂的动作，以便自动织出装饰性的图案。2. Herman Hollerith realized that he could encode information on punch cards when he observed that train conductors encode the appearance of the ticket holders on the train tickets using the position of punched holes on the tickets.当赫尔曼霍尔瑞斯注意到火车售票员利用在车票上打孔的方式表达持票人到达了车站，他意识到可
12、以将信息编码到打孔卡上。3. However, unlike the lambda calculus, Turings code does not serve well as a basis for higher-level languagesits principal use is in rigorous analyses of algorithmic complexity.然而，与 演算不同，图灵编码不能为高级语言提供一个很好的基础它的首要作用是对算法的复杂性进行严格分析。4. The use of a magnetic drum for memory meant that computer programs also had to be interleaved with the rotat
