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1、长春工程学院教案用纸1Conversion of Parts of SpeechI. Teaching contents1. Review and comments on the students assignment2. Converting to verbs（转译成动词）3. Converting to nouns（转译成名词）4. Converting to other parts of speech（其它词类转译）5. Assignments6. References for further readingII. Aims of teachingTo make students kno
2、w about the techniques of translation and especially to grasp conversion of parts of speechIII. Teaching FocusStudents ability in dealing with the techniques especially in conversion of parts of speechVI. Teaching proceduresStep One: Review and comments on the students assignmentA. Review:1. How to
3、understand translation techniques2. Selection of word meaning3. Extension of word meaningB. Comments on the students assignment (omitted)Step Two: Conversion of Parts of Speech在翻译过程中， 如果绝对地按照原语的词性进行翻译，有时译文会显得晦涩或不符合译语的表达习惯。这时， 我们可以对原语的词性进行转换翻译。英译汉中常见的词性转换有以下几个方面。A、 转译成动词1. n.-v.（名词转译成动词）英语中具有动作意义的动作意
4、义的名词，汉译时往往可转化为动词。(1) They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase.他们举行罢工，要求工资增加 40%。(2) Give me liberty or give me death.教法提示ppt. aidedexplanationand enlightenmentChapter Seven长春工程学院教案用纸2不自由， 毋宁死。(3) He is an enemy to reform.他反对改革。(4) Difference between the social system of states sha
5、ll not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation.国与国社会制度的不同应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。(5) I am afraid I cant teach you English. I think my daughter is a better teacher than I.恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。(6) The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of English.操作电脑需要一些英语知识。2. 介词转译成动词。 （prep.-v.）(1) The road
6、to development is long but we are firmly on it.发展的道路虽然漫长，可我们已坚定地走了上这条路。(2) He is walking in the park with an umbrella in his hand.他在公园散步，手里拿着一把伞。(3) It is our goal that the people in the undeveloped areas will be finally off poverty.我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。(4) The company has advertised in the newspap
7、er for electronic experts.公司在报上登广告招聘电子方面的专家。3. 形容词转译成动词（adj.-v.）(1) Integrity means you do what you do because its right and not just fashionable or politically correct.诚实意味着去做你认为对的事，而不仅仅是为了赶时髦或在政治上不出错。(2) Dont be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter than you are
8、.不要恐惧那些想法可能比你高明，或者那些可能比你更聪明的人。(3) Is Mr. Smith familiar with the performance of the laboratory equipment?史密斯先生熟悉实验室设备的性能吗？4. 副词转译为动词（adv.-v.）(1) What film will be on this evening?今晚放映什么影片？(2) That book will be out pretty soon.那本书不久就要出版了。(3) In those years the republicans were in.教法提示ppt. aidedppt. a
9、ided长春工程学院教案用纸3那些年是共和党执政。(4) Double windows were fixed to keep the cold out.安装双层窗御寒。5. 动名词转译成动词（gerund-v.）The origin of this particular culture is far from clearing.这种奇特的文化根源远没有弄清楚。B转译成名词当英语动词的意义不易用汉语动词表达，或不能表达得很准确时，可以把动词转译为名词。1. v.-n.(1) The book did not impress me at all.那本书没留给我什么印象。(2) Harry aims
10、 to become a computer expert.哈里的目标是成为计算机专家。(3) Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail.你工作的毛病是不注意细节。 （粗心大意）(4) The machine weighs about five hundred kilograms.这台机器的重量是 500 公斤。(5) When light falls on certain things, it bounces back, which we say the light is reflected.光照到某种物体上会弹回来，这
11、种情况我们称之为光受到反射。注意： 如果英语动词译成汉语动词时跟前后的修饰语不好搭配；或搭配起来不符合汉语习惯，可以把动词译成名词，再在名词前加上与之搭配的动词。(6)*The youths always dream fondly of their future.年轻人对前途总是怀有美好的梦想。(7) *Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction.有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面所取得的成就给予了很高的评价。2. 形容词转译为名词 （adj
12、.-n. ）有些形容词在翻译时如不易或不能用适宜的汉语形容词表达，可改用名词表达。(1) The day was cloudy but the sun was trying to come through.天上有云，不过太阳就要破云而出了。(2) Obedience is obligatory on a soldier.服从命令是军人的天职。(3) Many Western people are religious.教法提示enlighteningdiscussiongroup work长春工程学院教案用纸4很多西方人/西方人多数都是 虔诚的教徒。C其它词类转译You are a greate
13、r blockhead than I had supposed you to be.你比我所想象得要傻得多（n. adj.）Our government shows great concern for the Chinese resident abroad.我国政府十分关心海外华侨。His address impressed me deeply.他的讲话给我留下很深的印象。From the front, back and both sides we kept a strict watch on the enemy.我们在前后左右严密地监视敌人。He is the right man Im lo
14、oking for.他正是我在找的人。The unit of weight is the gram, that of length is the meter, and that of capacity is the liter.重量单位是克，长度单位是米，容量单位是升。The machine can dimensionally be changeable according to consumers need.机器的在大小（或尺寸）可以根据用户的需要改变。All you have done is proportional to all you have achieved. 你的付出和所得成正比
15、。To be independent is an absolute necessity for young people.独立对年轻人来说是绝对必要的。10. In science, it is important to state a law or a principle accurately.在科学方面定律或定理的准确叙述十分重要。11. With slight repairs, the machine could be in motion.只要称加修理，这台机器便可以运转。12. The new mayor earned respect due to the courtesy of vi
16、siting the poor in the city.新市长有礼貌地访问城市贫民赢得了人们的尊敬。Step Four: AssignmentsPut the following into English, paying special attention to the selection of words.大自然对人的恩赐, 无论贫富, 一律平等。所以人们对于大自然大全都一致并深深地依赖着。 尤其是在乡间， 上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。 种植庄稼和葡萄， 酿酒和饮酒， 喂牛和挤奶， 锄草和栽花； 在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜， 在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌； 往日的教法提示enlighteningdiscussion长春工程学院教案用纸5田园依旧是今日温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说， 风俗也就衍传了下来。说明：本题是 2002 年全国英语专业八级考试汉译英试题。翻译时在以下三个方面请特别注意：1 词汇的选择， 包括词义的理解和词的搭配。2. 词序。3. 语篇层次。Ste
