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1、第 1 页 共 11 页强调句专题强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who +句子的其余部分。一、连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词 that 或 who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用 whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词 that。It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night.It is Mary whom/ who he often helps .It was in the street that I met him
2、 yesterday. 二、时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用 It is.that.。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等) ，则用 It was.that.。如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)It was an old beggar wh
3、om/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语)有时，be 前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如：It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。It might be last night that they
4、did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。三、 强调含有 not until 的句子。 在强调 not until 句型时，not 位于 until 从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 it is(was)+not until 从句+that +其它。It was not until he had finished the work that he went home. It was not until 12 oclock last night that my brother came home.四、强调句的疑问句。强调结构的疑问形式：强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，要在主
5、句中用一般疑问句的顺序。例如：Was it you that/who broke the window ?Was it in the war that he lost his son ?强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：“疑问词+ is/was + it +that.”。它同感叹句的强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。例如：1. Where were you born? Where was it that you were born?2. What did you want to see? What was it that you w
6、anted to see?3. How many people are being trained for the special work? How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。五、强调句型中的主谓一致。被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who 之后的谓语动词应与被强调的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。例如：It is you who/that are wrong.It is I who/that am answering the question.但是如果被
7、强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时 that/who 的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式 is 或 was。例如：第 2 页 共 11 页It is me who is being asked the favor.另在 It is/was., not.that.句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。例如：It is my brother, not I that studies in that school.It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company.六
8、、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。例如：1. How happy he looks! How happy it is that he looks!2. What a clever boy he is! What a clever boy it is that he is!七、强调句型的鉴别方法及相似句型的辨析强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆，判断的方法是：强调句型中去掉 It is/wasthat 剩下的部分在语法和意义上仍然是一个完整的句子。如：It was yesterday that I met him. 去掉句中的 It
9、 was that 该句为： Yesterday I met him. 句意和语法都非常正确，说明这是一个强调句。而其他句型则不行。典例展示1. It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are. （2000 全国卷）A. one B. that C. what D. it 2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course.（2006 上海春季）A.
10、 that B. what C. why D. how3. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. （2003 上海卷）A .who B. that C .how D .what4. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? （2004 上海卷）A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D.
11、How it is that5. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. （2004 福建卷)A because B which C since D that6. An awful accident _, however, occur the other day. (2000 上海卷)A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 7. It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she h
12、ad lost her keys.（2006 全国 II 卷）A. when B. that C. where D. before 8. It was_ black home after the experiment. (2004 湖北卷)A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go9. _that he managed to get the information? O
13、h, a friend of his helped him. （2005 山东卷）A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it10.1) It was 20 years ago _ the two friends met in Viet Nam.2) It will be 20 years _ they meet in Viet Nam.3) It is 20 years _ he came to live here.4) It was 20 years _ he spent in writing this novel.第
14、 3 页 共 11 页5) It was not long _ the people in Austria took up guns.6) It was midnight _ he came back home.A. when B. before C. since D. That练习一：1.Who are making so much noise in the garden?A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are2. It is _ he often fails in exams _ makes his parents worried abou
15、t him.A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. / ; that3. It is the protection for the trees _ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.A. what B. that C. 不填 D. which4. It is _ my father worked _ I work now.A. where, that B. where, when C. that, where D. that, that5. Was _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. it you B. not you C. you D. that you6. It wa
