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1、2008 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题第 1 页 共 12 页2008 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of
2、those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is to say it anyway. He is 大 1家that bird, a scientist who works independently any institution. He helped popularize 大 2家 大 3家the idea that some diseases not thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, 大 4家which arouse
3、d much controversy when it was first suggested.he, however, might tremble at the of what he is about to do. Together with 大 5家 大 6家another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only that one group of humanity 大 7家is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has bro
4、ught this about. The group in are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.大 8家This group generally do well in IQ test, 12-15 points above the value of 100, 大 9家 大 10家and have contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the of their 大
5、 11家 大 12家elites, including several world-renowned scientists, . They also suffer more often than most 大 13家people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, , have 大 14家previously been thought unrelated. The former has been to social effects, such as a strong 大 15家
6、tradition of education. The latter was seen as a (an) of genetic isolation. Dr. 大 16家 大 17家Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately . His argument is that the 大 18家unusual history of these people has them to unique evolutionary pressures that have 大 19家resulted in this stat
7、e of affairs.大 20家1. A selected B prepared C obliged D pleased2. A unique B particular C special D rare3. A of B with C in D against4. A subsequently B presently C previously D lately5. A Only B So C Even D Hence6. A thought B sight C cost D risk7. A advises B suggests C protests D objects8. A progr
8、ess B fact C need D question9. A attaining B scoring C reaching D calculating2008 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题第 2 页 共 12 页10. A normal B common C mean D total11. A unconsciously B disproportionatelyC indefinitely D unaccountably12. A missions B fortunes C interests D careers13. A affirm B witness C observe D
9、approve14. A moreover B therefore C however D meanwhile15. A given up B got over C carried on D put down16. A assessing B supervising C administering D valuing17. A development B origin C consequence D instrument18. A linked B integrated C woven D combined19. A limited B subjected C converted D dire
10、cted20. A paradoxical B incompatible C inevitable D continuousSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching-up to men in some sp
11、heres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New Yorks Veterans Administration Hospita
12、l.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female
13、reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “Its not necessarily that women dont cope as well. Its just that they have so much 2008 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题第 3
14、 页 共 12 页more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens,” she observes, “its just that theyre dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “
15、I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domesti
16、c situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot
