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1、一、名词解释1、Financial system 金融体系: 指一个经济体中资金流动的基本框架，它是资金流动的工具（金融资产） 、市场参与者（中介机构）和交易方式（市场）等各金融要素构成的综合体。P42、Treasury bill 国库券:a short-term obligation that is not interest-bearingP24 3、fiat money 不可兑现货币：指由政府发行的不能兑换成黄金或白银的货币，其购买力完全来自政府的权威和信誉 money that the government declares to be legal tender although it
2、cannot be converted into standard specie.P234、Monetary policy 货币政策： the process by which the government,central bank,or monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money,availability of money, and interest rate ,in order to keep growth and stability of the economy. P375、discount loan 贴息贷款
3、:A loan on which the interest and financing charges are deducted from the face amount when the loan is issued P376、Chinese Banking Regulatory Commission:the watchdog for banks in china,responsible for making the rules and regulations for the financial and banking institutions it supervises. P507、con
4、solidation 合并：the merger or acquisition of many smaller companies into much larger ones P508、P/B ratio 市净率:a ratio used to compare a stocks market value to its book value. P66 9、H-shares:shares of companies in chinas mainland that are listed on Hong Kong Stock Exchange. P6610、Risk management:the pro
5、cess of identification,analysis and either acceptance or mitigation of uncertainty in investment decision-making. 11、trust fund:property,especially money and securities,held or settled in trust. P7812、Quota 配额:in international trade,a government-imposed limit on the quantity of goods and services th
6、at may be exported over a specified period of time.(不确定 P90) 13、Balance of payments: 14、Eurodollar 欧洲美元:the dollar-denominated deposit in foreign banks outside the United States banks. P105 15、Time deposit 定期存款:the fixed-maturity account that cannot be withdrawn without advance notice. P10516、Floati
7、ng exchange rate 浮动汇率:a type of exchange rate regime wherein a currencys value is allowed to fluctuate according to the foreign exchange market. P11417、Draft 汇票：a written order from one person (the payer)to another,signed by the person giving it,requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on
8、 demand or at some fixed future date ,a certain sum of money,to either the person identified as payee or to any person presenting the bill. P14018、Secondary market: a financial market in which securities that have been previously issued can be resold. P15219、Security 证券，抵押品：an investment instrument
9、issued by a corporation,government,or other organization which offers evidence of debt or equity. P152 20、common stock 普通股 :a share of ownership in a corporation carrying voting rights that can be exercised in corporate decisions. P163 21、Futures 期货:a standardized contract,traded on a futures exchan
10、ge,to buy or sell a certain underlying instrument at a certain date in the future,at a specified price. 22、Option 期权:a privilege sold by one party to another that offers the buyer the right,but not the obligation,to buy or sell a security at an agreed-upon price during a certain period of time or on
11、 a specific date.二、课后翻译题：1、共同基金是向大众出售股票的机构，并用由此所得的收益选择购买各种类型的股票或者债券，或者投资组合，或者同时购买股票和债券的投资组合。共同基金的股东接受与投资组合相关的所有风险和收益。并且如果投资组合价值升高，股东收益也随之增长；如果投资组合价值降低，股东就会遭受损失 P7A mutual fund is an institution that sells shares to the public and uses the proceeds to buy a selection,or portfolio,of various types of
12、stocks,bonds,or both stocks and bonds.The shareholder of the matual fund accepts all the risks and returns associated with the portfolio.If the value of the portfolio rises,the shareholder benefits；if the value of the portfolio falls,the shareholder suffers the loss.2.中央银行执行国家所选择的货币政策。其中最基础的就是要确定一国的
13、货币形态，即法定货币，与黄金挂钩的货币（国际货币基金组织成员不允许使用这种货币） ，货币局或是货币联盟。当一国货币确定之后，就涉及到某种形式的标准化货币的发行。标准化货币本质上是一种本票，在一定条件下用票据交换货币的承诺。Central banks implement a countys chosen monetary policy.At the most basic level,this involves establishing what form of currency the country may have,whether a fiat currency,gold-backed cu
14、rrency(disallowed for countries with membership of the IMF),currency board or a currency union.when the country has its own national currency,which is essentially a form of promissory note：a promise to exchange the vote for “money” under certain circumstances. 3、对于中央银行应该是私有银行还是政府机构这一问题存在严重的分歧。在这些问题上
15、的激烈争论最后导致了一个妥协方案的产生。按照美国传统，美国国会将相互制衡的系统进行了详细阐述，并写进 1913 年的联邦储备法 ，建立了拥有 12 个地区储备银行的联邦储备系统。Serious disagreements existed over whether the central bank should be a private bank or a government institution.Because of the heated debates on these issues,a compromise was struck.In American tradition,Congre
16、ss wrote an elaborate system of checks and balances into the Federal Reserve Act of 1913,which created the Federal Reserve System with its 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks. 4、面对国内外复杂严峻的经济形势，中国人民银行在中共中央、国务院的正确领导下，深入学习、实践科学发展观，切实履行中央银行职责，妥善应付国际金融危机的强烈冲击，积极推进金融监管协调机制建设，着力加强金融风险监测和评估工作，加快推进存款保险制度设计工作，强化中央银行资产管理，推动理财产品健康发展，有力地保障了国家金融体系的稳定和安全。Faced with the complicated and severe economic situation both at home and abroad,in line
