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1、A Guide to the Translation of Passages from Chinese into English汉英段落翻译指导在句子汉英翻译学习阶段，我们知道要做好翻译工作需要关注如下八个方面：1.词义差异: 注意选词的广义、狭义之别；褒贬的不同；强弱和政治分寸的把握：农业是国民经济的基础。Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy. 这些年来，我国的农业、林业、牧畜业和渔业都得到了相应的发展。Over the years, corresponding developments have been made in
2、 our farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. 他那八十高龄的母亲已于上月去世。His mother passed away at an advanced age of eighty last month. 臭名昭著的麦卡锡终于一命呜呼哀哉了！Notorious McCaththy did kick the bucket at long last！ 注意词的搭配习惯：青山绿水green hills and blue streams; 青云直上rise in the world; 浓咖啡strong coffee; 浓墨淡写paint
3、with thick ink and a light touch 注意某些汉语词的特有说法要根据意思解释性表达： 建立“一站式”服务中心，为外国投资者提供审批业务“一条龙”服务。Set up the One-Stop Service Centre to provide a coordinated process service for foreign investors in obtaining approval. 其间多次实行权力下放，但都只限于调整中央和地方、条条和块块的管理权限。We tried to delegate power to lower levels on a number
4、of occasions. But this was limited solely to readjusting the administrative power of the central and local authorities and of the different departments and regions. 2.文化背景差异: 对于有些地域文化特色过于突出的词语要灵活改译。怎么？难道是摆的“鸿门宴”？ 打算要干掉他们吗？What? Are we setting a trap? Planning to get rid of them? 他们召开了一个诸葛亮会，深入探讨了如何进
5、一步深化政治体制改革的问题。They held a brainstorming session to make further explorations into how to deepen the reform of our political system. 婆婆经常对她的男人埋怨说：“你媳妇就是个扫帚星。自从她过门，我们家就三灾六难，没有消停过。 ”Her mother-in-law often complains to her husband,Your wife is just a bane(祸害，灾星). Since she married you, our family has b
6、een suffering one disaster after another. 不应给农民打白条。We should not issue IOUs (错译：blank paper )to the farmers. 旅游搭台，经贸唱戏，形成我市独特的经济开发格局。With tourism paving the way for economic and trading activities, we should develop our citys economy into a pattern of its own feature. 必须始终不渝地坚持两手抓，两手都要硬的方针，加强精神文明的建设
7、。We must unswervingly give equal importance to economic development on one hand and to the development of socialist culture and ideology on the other hand. 搞现代化建设一定要坚持以经济建设为中心，要有两手，只有一手是不行的。 In going for modernization, efforts must be made to keep economic development as the central task, and equal
8、importance should be attached to both aspects for stressing only one aspect is not enough. 发展才是硬道理。抓住机遇，发展自己，关键是发展经济。Development is the most essential criterion. The key to seizing the opportunity and developing ourselves lies in expanding the economy. 3.意合与形合:生物工程也是一种工程，是一种与传统意义截然不同的工程。 Bioengineer
9、ing is also a kind of engineering. However, it is an engineering that is different from that with conventional sense. 如果想摸底，这又是一个底，这是一个带根本性的底。If you want to sound us out, there is one thing you will learn, a thing which is fundamental in nature. 不搞改革，不坚持开发政策，我们制定的战略目标就不可能实现。这是一个关，这个关必须过。We cannot re
10、ach our strategic goal unless we carry out reforms and adhere to the open-up policy. This is a pass which we must go through. 4.分句与合句: 旧中国的农业发展水平极为低下，有 80%的人口长期处于饥饿或半饥饿状态，遇有自然灾害，更是饿殍遍地。For long periods of time in the old days 80 per cent of the population suffered from starvation or semi-starvation
11、because of the extreme backwardness of agricultural production. Natural disasters nearly always resulted in widespread deaths from starvation. 亚洲是一个有着悠久历史和重要地位的大洲。她是人类文明的摇篮之一，对人类文明的进步和科学文化的发展作出过辉煌的贡献。Asia, a vast continent with a long history and increasing strategic importance, is one of the cradle
12、s of human civilization and has made brilliant contributions to human progress and scientific and cultural development. 要着眼于搞好整个国有经济，抓好大的，放活小的，对企业实施战略性改组。Aiming at improving the state sector of the economy as a whole, we shall effectuate a strategic reorganization of state-owned enterprises by well
13、managing large enterprises while adopting a flexible policy towards small ones. 5.重复与简化: 避免重复: 我们能去掉不良作风，保持优良作风。We can get rid of a bad style and keep the good. 一定的文化，是一定社会的政治和经济的反映，又给予伟大的影响和作用于一定社会的政治和经济。Any given culture is a reflection of the politics and economics of a given society, and the for
14、mer in turn has a tremendous influence and effect upon the latter. 故意重复:这是革命的春天，这是人民的春天，这是科学的春天。This is the springtime for the revolution, this is the springtime for the people, this is the springtime for science! 中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。 What is right is right and what is wrong is wro
15、ng, whether it concerns the Chinese or foreigners, whether it concerns the dead or the living. 简化：中国政府将采取更加有力的措施，进一步健全耕地保护制度，切实加强基本农田保护。 Chinese government will adopt still more effective measures to improve the land preservation system and strengthen the protection of basic farmland. 各级政府都要切实加强对改革的
16、领导，扎扎实实地做好工作，不断把改革推向前进。The governments at all levels should strengthen their leadership in these reforms and do a solid job of propelling the reform forward. 进一步开展节约能源的宣传，努力提高全社会节能意识。The idea of saving energy should be promoted to the general public. 6.主语的省略与增添: 主语的省略：你愿意人如何待你，你就应如何待人。 Do as you would be done by. 宁为鸡首，不为牛后。Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse. 主语的增添： 没有安定的政治环境， 干什么都不成。Nothing can be accomplished without a stable polit
