《从2003年高考题谈倒装结构的标志词及其常见考法》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《从2003年高考题谈倒装结构的标志词及其常见考法（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、从 2003 年高考题谈倒装结构的标志词及其常见考法湖南 孙天桥首先请看 2003 年全国试题中第 34 题：34. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other.A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled 这是一道考查倒装用法的题目，其中标志词是 never ，never 置于句首时，句子必须使用部分倒装。故答案为 C。无独有偶，在 2003 年上
2、海高考试题中，第 38 题也是一道考查倒装结构的题：38. Only when your identity has been checked, _.A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in 此题答案为 D，其标志词是 only，only 位于句首时，句子同样必须使用倒装结构，首先排除 A 和B，其次排除 C，因为该句应使用被动态。而且 2003 年高考上海春季招生第 39 题，同样是考的一道倒装题：39. Only in this way _ to
3、 make improvement in the operating system.A. you can hope B. you did hopeC. can you hope D. did you hope本题答案是。其标志词同样为 only。在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分可以提到主语的前面，这种现象在英语语法中被称为倒装 。以往的高考中，倒装结构是一个热点，许多年都考到了这个语法点。任何倒装句型都有其标志词，这个标志词是构成倒装句型的条件。下面我们结合历年高考题来谈谈倒装结构的一些常见标志词。标志一： out ，in ，down ，up ，aw
4、ay 或 now，then，here ，there 等副词位于句首时，句子通常使用完全倒装结构。如：In came the headmaster. Away went the beggar. There goes the bellHere is your new pen. Now comes your turn.注意：但当主语是人称代词时，此时主谓不倒装。如：Here you are. Here he comes.高考考例： 1. Out , with a stick in his hand. （MET1992 ）A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed
5、 D. he did rush2. Where is Kate？ Look，_. She is at the school gate. （NMET1995 ）A. there is she B. here is she C. there she is D. here she was 答案：1、C 2、C标志二：in front of , in the distance , to the east of , at the back of , in the distance 等表示地点状语的介词短语位于句首时，也引起全部倒装。如：In the distance are a group of chi
6、ldren. South of the river lies a small factory.高考考例：On the wall _ two large portraits. (MET85)A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging答案：B。标志三：always , usually , often , now and then , sometimes , once , many a time, every day, every other day , every few weeks 等表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，如表示强调，用倒装语序；若不表示强调，可用自然语序
7、。如：Always does he read till late into night. Now and then did we go to the cinema last year.Many a time has he been to Beijing.标志四：never，little，no ， hardly，seldom，not，not only ，by no means ，in no case（决不），in no time（立刻、马上），not until，not a bit，no longer ， no soonerthan，hardlyscarcely when 等含有否定或半否定意义
8、的副词或连词置于句首时，用部分倒装。如：Never have I been to Shanghai.Seldom did he come to see me. Not until he came did we leave the village. By no means am I pleased with what he did. No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.Hardly had he turned his back when everybody burst out laughing.高考考例：1. Not only
9、_ polluted but _ crowded. （上海 1991）A.was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streetsC. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. （ NMET1995）A. did the villagers realize B. the villager
10、s realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life _ so happy. (2000 上海春招)A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt 4. Not only interested in football but beginning to show an interest in it. （2002 年上海春招）A. th
11、e teacher himself is ; all his students are B. the teacher himself is ; are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself ; are all his students D. is the teacher himself ; all his students are答案：1、C 2、A 3、D 4、D注意：not only but also 连接两个并列主语时，主谓不倒装。如：Not only you but also he is good at English. 在并列句 not
12、only . but also 并列两个句子时，原则是“ 前倒后不倒”，即前一个分句倒装，而后一个不用倒装，如高考考例中的 1、4标志五：only 置于句首，修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或状语从句时，要用部分倒装结构。如：Only then did she see her mother. Only in this way can you improve your English. Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work. 高考考例： 1. _ can you expect to get a pay rise. （200
13、1 京皖蒙春）A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard2. Only when the war was over _ to his hometown. （上海 2001 春季）A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return3. Only in this way _
14、progress in your English. (MET 84)A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will you able to make 答案：1、C 2、A 3、B注意：在主从复合句中，原则是主倒从不倒 ，即倒装的是主句，而不是从句，如高考考例 2。如果句首的 only 强调的不是状语，而是主语或其他成分，则仍用陈述语序。如：Only Li Ming knows this. 标志六：soneithernor 开头的句子或从句中，表示某人、某事或某种情况与前面提到的相同，此时主谓应倒装，句型是 soneither
15、nor be（have助动词情态动词）主语；而当问答两句指同一人时，则主谓不倒装，简略附和语应采用so主语be（ have助动词情态动词）形式，以表示赞同。如：She is a teacher. So is her sister. She wont go. Neither/Nor will I.Xiao Li said that the would go skating on Sunday, so he did.高考考例： 1. -David has made great progress recently. -_, and _. （97 上海） A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 2. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother？ -I dont know, _. （MET91） A. nor dont I care B. nor d
