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1、第四讲逻辑关系续逻辑取反包括两种关系：对比对立；转折让步对比对立包括两种句型句型一：主语 A不是 S的特征，而是-S 的特征。这属于反义强调句型二：主语 A是 S的特征，相反的是,主语 B是-S 的特征。这属于二者对比结构句式句型一的句式或联系词notbut; notratherrather; rather thanwhether or; whether or whetherfar frominstead; instead ofcontrary to句型二的句式或联系词unlikewhilein contrast to7.3The newborn human infant is not a p
2、assive figure, nor an active one, but what might be called an actively _ one, eagerly attentive as it is to sights and sounds.A. adaptiveB. selectiveC. inquisitiveD. receptiveE. intuitiveNO.7.1.S1.3adaptive- adapt selective - selectinquisitive inquirereceptive-receiveintuitive intuition hunch 10.7Ra
3、ther than enhancing a countrys security, the successful development of nuclear weapons could serve at first to increase that countrys _A. boldnessB. influenceC. responsibilityD. moderationE. vulnerabilityNO4.1.S5.7bold 勇敢，无畏；醒目；粗体vulnerable vulnerability 容易受伤，弱点Achilles heel 阿客硫斯之踵myrmidon 莫米同人；帮凶，打
4、手10.7Rather than enhancing a countrys security, the successful development of nuclear weapons could serve at first to increase that countrys _A. boldnessB. influenceC. responsibilityD. moderationE. vulnerabilityNO4.1.S5.719.3No one is _ about Stephens; he inspires either uncritical adulation or prof
5、ound _ in those who work for him.A. neutralantipathyB. infuriatedaversionC. worriedanxietyD. enthusiasticvenerationE. apprehensiveconsternationNO.8.1.S3.3antipathy 反感 anti- pathy(suffering) apathy冷漠, empathy 同感, pathetic 可怜的, sympathy 同情pathology 病理学, sociopath 反社会(Jack the Ripper), psychopath 神经病av
6、ersion 嫌恶, (恶心) aver- 反veneration 崇拜，令人尊敬vene, venu Venus Aphrodite 爱love & amour - venereologyconsternation 惊恐,惶恐 stern 严厉的21.5The significance of the Magna Carta lies not in its _ provisions, but in its broader impact: it made the king subject to the law.A. revolutionaryB. specificC. implicitD. co
7、ntroversialE. finite90.10.S4.5specific 具体的，独特的at specific times （别的时间不行）a specific person （别的人不管）区分concreteuniquecharacteristic29.3Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the _ performance in the _ style we had anticipated.A. talentedtenuousB. inspire
8、dinnovativeC. artisticmechanicalD. prosaicclassicE. literalenlightened94.04.S1.3inspired 有灵感，专注的prosaic 乏味的 prose literal 字面的，平实的tenuous 稀薄的，稀少的tenu, tena 拉伸hypotenuse, antenna 44.3Unlike other creatures, who are shaped largely by their _ environment, human beings are products of a culture accumulat
9、ed over centuries, yet one that is constantly being _ by massive infusions of new information from everywhere.A. harshunconfirmedB. surroundingupheldC. immediatetransformedD. naturalmechanizedE. limitedsuperseded92.04.S1.345.3While nurturing parents can compensate for adversity, cold or inconsistent
10、 parents may _ it.A. exacerbateB. neutralizeC. eradicateD. ameliorateE. relieve90.04.S1.3nurture 养育，培养，教养exacerbate- ex + acerb 酸 ；加深，恶化neutralize 中和eradicate efface, erase 消除ameliorate = meliorate 改良，改善 (amliorer)relieve 减缓转折让步（强转折）1 强调转折部分2 应该只能是感情取反，不能是意义反义3 提示词：让步 though, although, even though,
11、in spite of, despite, notwithstanding, for all; 转折 but, however, albeit, nevertheless=nonethelessnevertheless : 1, 还是，仍然 He was extremely tried, but he was nevertheless unable to sleep until after midnight.2,然而，不过 He was very tired, nevertheless he kept working.for all 虽然He seemed as fresh as ever,
12、for all the fact that I never saw him drink or eat.The country, for all the crisis it had, remained strong但是在转折关系里面基本都是意义反义为什么？因为加了条件：1 事物或者人，两个方面的矛盾-特别是表里不一（actually, factually, in reality, appear, apparently, look like）2 普遍性和特殊性的矛盾3 人是矛盾的生物3.1Despite the fact that the two council members belonged
13、to different political parties, they _ the issue of how to finance the town debts.A. complicatedB. avoidedC. attested toD. reported onE. agreed onNO.7.1.S4.16.1The spellings of many old English words have been _ in the living language, although their pronunciations have changed.A. preservedB. shorte
14、nedC. preemptedD. revisedE. improvedNO.4.3.S2.18.1Despite the apparently bewildering complexity of this procedure, the underlying _ is quite _.A. simplicitycalculatedB. principleelementaryC. confusionimaginaryD. purposeeffectiveE. theorymodernNO.7.2.S2.18.3While the delegate clearly sought to _ the
15、optimism that has emerged recently, she stopped short of suggesting that the conference was near collapse and might produce nothing of significance.A. substantiateB. dampenC. encourageD. elucidateE. rekindleNO.7.3.S1.3while seek to _ the optimism ; stop short of suggesting the conference not optimism取反提示词：1，while; 2, stop short of; 3, not optimism为了保证句子逻辑正确，空格必须是负向动词 8.3While the delegate clearly sought to _ the optimism that has emerged recently, she stopped short of suggesting that the conference was near collapse and might produce nothing of significance.A. substantiateB. dampenC. encoura
