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1、本科生毕业论文学 院 水利与土木建筑工程学院 论文题目 大河口水库表层沉积物氮、磷分布特征及释放规律分析学生姓名 学号 专 业 环境工程 年级 12 级 指导教师 职称 实验师、教 授 内蒙古农业大学教务处制2016 年 6 月Distribution and release of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface sediments of the River Estuary摘 要本文以位于内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县境内的沙源区水库-大河口水库表层沉积物为研究对象，采用野外采样，室内实验分析的方法对大河口水库表层沉积物氮、磷的时空分布特征以及同期上覆水体的富营养
2、化状态进行了分析；并通过室内模拟实验，探讨了当环境因子（pH 值、DO、温度）变化时内源营养盐释放对上覆水体水质的影响。结果表明：(1)大河口水库表层沉积物类型以砂质壤土为主，其次有粉砂质壤土、壤质砂土；上覆水体总体为国家五类水质标准，水库总体呈现富营养化状态。 （2）表层底泥总氮、总磷季节分布特征呈现冬季春季含量较低，夏季秋季含量较高的特点，从空间分布来看，水库东南部氮、磷含量高于西北部；水库表层沉积物氮磷比值为 1:1.53。 （3）水库底泥的温度越高，pH 值越显弱碱性以及溶解氧含量越低时，其 N、P 释放强度越强。本次研究为以后大河口水库的治理、修复、保护与管理提供了数据支撑，也为社会
3、各界提供了高原寒旱区湖泊水库表层沉积物研究的一些数据与心得。关键字：大河口水库 表层沉积物 总氮总磷 营养盐释放。Distribution and release of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface sediments of the River EstuaryAbstractIn this paper, Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia Duolun domestic sand source area Reservoir - Reservoir large estuary surface sediments as th
4、e research object, through the reservoir surface sediments of nitrogen and phosphorus analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics. The article uses the field sampling, laboratory experiments analysis method for large estuarine reservoir surface sediments of nitrogen and phosphorus to overly
5、ing temporal distribution characteristics of the water body eutrophication over the same period were analyzed. And through the indoor simulation experiments to study the effects when environmental factors (pH value, DO temperature) changes in water quality of the overlying inner source nutrient rele
6、ase right.The results show: (1) large estuarine reservoir surface sediment types and sandy loam, followed by a silty loam, loamy sand; overlying water body overall national Grade III standards; and slight overall reservoir lakes (reservoirs) rich eutrophication. (2) of TN and TP in surface sediments
7、 seasonal distribution of content presented low winter spring, summer and autumn higher levels, the spatial distribution, the reservoir is higher than the concentration in the northwest southeast of spatial concentration distribution; nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of 1: 1.53, the ratio is small, ind
8、icating a lower degree of rich reservoir of the camp. (3) The higher the temperature of the reservoir sediment, pH value, the more significant the higher the weak acid and dissolved oxygen content, its N, P release strength is stronger. The study of governance, restoration, protection and management
9、 of future large estuary reservoir provides data support, but also for the community to provide a surface sediments Cold and Arid Regions Research highland lakes and reservoirs to some data and experience.Keywords: big estuary reservoir surface sediments TN and TP Nutrient release目录I目 录1 引言 .11.1 研究背景 .11.2 沉积物营养盐氮，磷研究的进展 .11.2.1 沉积物中氮的研究进展 .11.2.2 沉积物中磷的研究进展 .21.3 研究的意义 .22 研究区域概况及研究方法 .42.1 研究区域概况 .42.1.1 地理位置 .42.1.2 气候特征 .52.1.2.1 地面气温特征 .52.1.2.2 降水特征 .62.1.2.3 蒸发特性 .72.1.2.4 地面风速、风向特征 .72.1.3 河流水系 .92.1.4 社会经济状况 .102.2 研究方法 .112.2.1 监测点的布设 .112.2.2 采集样品方法 .
