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1、定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where 和 why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The
2、factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句(why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中 why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job.又如： This was the reason (why
3、)we raised the temperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）“when”、 “where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词 reason 在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.*This is the hosp
4、ital where my mother works.*This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.*The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.*This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：Do you still rem
5、ember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Marys birthday party. (for which=why)有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“ 介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：My mother works in
6、 a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.3) 关系副词 “when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。 例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 1
7、2.I dont know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when” 、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever wh
8、en the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.4) “that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when, where、why”和“ 介词 + which”结构，尤其在“the time when”等结构中的“when” 常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。I may leave here any time I want to.During the time I was there I visited him twice.This is my second time I have come to your country.5) “which”有时可用
9、作关系形容词，这是“which” 在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使用，如：The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.定语从句专项练习1This is the place_ John was born?Awhich Bwhere C. when Dthat2. He is the only person _ I want to talk to.A. that B. which C. who D. whose 3Is this problem _the teacher explained last
10、 week?A the one Bthat Cwhich Done4The high building _ stand four policemen is the police stationAwhich Bthat Cin front of it D. in front of which5My mother will give Mary a model plane_ she will like to playAwhich Bthat Cfor which Dwith which6The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good c
11、are of in that far away village.Auntil Bthat C when Dwhere7There are times_ I wonder why I do this job Aas Bwhile Cwhich Dwhen8After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child Awhich Bwhere C that Dwhen9They had a long talk about the persons and thin
12、gs_ they both knewAwhom Bwhat C. that Dwhich10That is the very book_ I am looking for.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Das11Who is the scientist_ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?Athat Bwho C. which Dwhom12I dont like the way_ you speak to your teacher A Bin that C. which Dof which13Could you tell
13、me when to get the book_ I want to read?Awhat Bwho C Dit14The days_ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.A. when Bwhich Cwho Don which15A pen friend of mine_ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins.Awho Bwhom Cto who Dfrom whom16. Dont forget the day_ you were admitted
14、to Beijing University.Awhen Bthat Cat which D. where17Perhaps this is the only shop_ you can get such cheap goods.A. that Bof which Cby which Dwhere18I can still remember the place_ my brother and I used to sit in the evening.Awhich Bwhat C .that Dwhere 19_ is often the case, we have worked out the
15、production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As20All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. what C. that D. which21He was seriously ill when he was a child, _ made him lose his sight.A. as B. that C. which D. it 22In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ he could turn for help.A. that B. to whom C. who D. from whom 23He told the same story _ I told.A. that B. which C. as D. it24The best work is that _ Tom has done.A. it
