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1、动词的时态和语态一. 教学目标：从宏观角度把握动词的时态和语态的用法二. 教学重点，难点：1.动词时态的构成，用法及中考考点。2.被动语态的用法3.被动语态的特殊用法三. 教学辅助工具:图画，练习题四. 教学步骤：1 Greeting: Say hello to the student.2 Warm-up: Sing an English song about some verbs.3 Revision: The classify of Verb.4 Leading-in: Ask students“when do they get up everyday”and “When do they
2、go to school” in Chinese. Then,Tell them what is Simple Present tense. According to this kind of way, we can learn the other tenses.5 Teaching content:动词的时态从分类的角度一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时现在完成时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时从中考考点的角度一 般 现 在 时一 从构成的角度： 肯定式 ： 主语 + 动词原形 + . They speak English and French .主语 + 动词三单： She studi
3、es in a school near here. 否定句 ： 主语 +助动词 do/does+not+动词原形He doesnt feel very well.一般疑问句 : Do/does+主语 +动词原形 Do you speak English? 回答: Yes,主语+do/doesNo,主语+dont/doesnt实义动词 have 当”有” 讲时,疑问句有以下变化形式 :Have you a penfriend? Do you have a penfriend ?Have you got a penfriend?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词(where,when,how,why)+do/
4、does+ 主语+动词原形( 不用 yes,no 回答)Where does ZhouNan study?选择疑问句:Do you like this book or that one?二从用法的角度：1. 表示经常性,习惯性的动作或经常存在的状态,常与always,often,usually,everyday,sometime 等连用( 通常用于 be 后,行为动词前)e.g.)Lei Feng is always ready to help other.I am always/usually go to school at 7 oclock.2. 表示普遍性的真理与规律The moon g
5、oes round the esrth.月亮绕着地球转.Light travels faster than sound.3. 表示习惯与能力Do you drive a car? 你会开车吗?Mr Green teaches English.4. 表示按规定,计划或安排预计要发生的动作或存在状态(主要用于 come,go,leave,begin,start,arrive,return 等瞬间动词)Could you tell me what time the plan leaves?Do you know what time the plan arrives in Moscow?5. 在时间,
6、条件状语从句中表示将来动作When you climb higher, youll find nothing grows there at all. Tom wont feel well till the game is over.6. 一般现在时表将来表最近的将来,说话人说话时动作并未发生,但即将开始(Im off now .)或 强调未来的事实和早已规定的事 . ( Tomrrow is Sunday.)特殊用法角度：1. 表示说话时刻,这一刻往往很短暂.What time is it now ?My watch says ten to seven.2. 有些表示心理状态和感情,感觉的动词
7、常用于一般现在时I feel better now.It doesnt matter this time .Does it hurn here?3 用于下列句型中There goes the bell.Why dont you go by bus?Why dont/they/we +动词原形Why doesnt he +动词原形Why not have a drink of tea?Here comes Jim.一 般 过 去 时一. 从构成的角度： 肯定式:主语+动词的过去式I wanted to watch animals in the zoo.They took his son to t
8、he cinema.否定式:主语+didnt+动词原形I didnt have his telephone number.一般疑问句:特殊疑问词 +did+主语What sport did she play yesterday?一般过去时没有人称及数的变化二. 从基本用法的角度：1. 表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与其连用的时间状语有:yesterday ,the day before yesterday ,a moment ago ,just now ,in May, in 1999,last night/week/month/year ,once ,one day ,before
9、 at the age of 18,when she was five等 )e.g.)He was a soldier two years ago.They had a baby last month.2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或行为(never ,often ,always)e.g.)They didnt pass the ball often enough.He always took off his shoes and threw on the floor.3. 根据时态一致,在宾语从句中用一般过去时代替一般现在时e.g.)She asked weather they neede
10、d some more tea.(瞬问的动作是过去,”需要”指现在)He said that there wasnt time to go to the city century.过去了 现在 4. 用于 since 从句,(主句的谓语动词为现在完成时,其后 since 从句为一般过去式)He has worked there since it opened in 1989.It has been two days since I came back.5. 由于 when,while,before,after,whenever 等引导的表示过去时间的状语从句常用过去时.e.g.)The boy
11、 began to go to school when he was five.They lived there before they came to China.6. 有些情况和事件,发生的时间不很清楚,但实际已发生,应当用过去时态.Look at the bags.They came.Five people died in the traffic accident.特殊用法的角度1. 在时间,条件状语从句中表示过去将来的动作.If we won the match,we would be top.2. 一般过去时形式上为过去时,实指现在I didnt know you were ther
12、e.(刚才不知,现在知道了.)一般将来时一：从构成的角度： 肯定形式：主语+will+动词原形/主语+ Am/is /are +going to 动词原形否定形式：都是在 will/am/is /are 这些助动词后加 not 即可。一般疑问的形式： 把助动词 will/am/is /are 提前。二：从基本用法的角度：1) 表示在将来某一时间要发生的动作或状态，常与表示将来的时间状 语连用，如：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Tuesday, in five minutes, some day, in the future, next year.
13、(eg.)Will you be free tonight?We will know the result tomorrow.Im sure I wont lose my way.They will get married next May Day.2) 其他表示将来时的结构1 be going to(表示说话者明确的打算、安排、决定或确信会发生的事，多用于口语); 2be to do（表示安排好了要在将来做的事）; 3be about to do（表示就要发生的事，句中不能用表示动作发生时间的状语）4一般现在时表将来（限于某些动词，如 leave, finish）5现在进行时表示将来时（限于
14、某些动词，表示按计划安排要发生的事，如：take, have ,leave）Hes leaving school in on years time.他一年后就要毕业了现在进行时一：从构成的角度：肯定形式：主语+be+动词的 ing 形式否定形式：在 be 动词后加 not 即可。一般疑问形式：只需将助动词 be 提前。二：从基本用法的角度：1） 此刻正在进行或发生的动作。常伴随的时间状语如：look,listen,now,at the moment 等 What are you thinking about now?She is having a talk with Lin Tao upsta
15、irs.2） 这一时段时间正在发生的动作或变化，虽然这个动作此时此刻不 一 定正在进行。I am sorry I cant go. I am writing a report.We are preparing for the English exam.3） 其他用法表示经常性的动作，和 always, constantly, forever 这类副词连用，表示厌烦，赞美等情绪。He is always losing his keys.表示按计划安排最近即将发生的动作，常用位置转移的动词如：come, go, leave, start, arrive 等。She is taking her ex
16、am next Monday.用在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train.If shes still waiting, tell her to go home.现在完成时一：从构成的角度：结构：主语have /has+动词的过去分词否定形式：在助动词 have /has 后加 not.一般疑问形式：将助动词提前即可。二：从基本用法角度：1 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，与现在时间相联系。不能和确定的时间状语连用，但和不确定的连用，如：just, yet, already, ever, never, recently , lately, still, before 等。The car has arri
