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1、相似词辨析：can 与 be able to 的区别can 与 be able to 均可表示某人做某事的能力，常可互换。例如： Im not able to cant explain this. 我不能解释这个问题。 He was able to could speak French very well. 他的法语讲得很不错。 区别： (1) 从时态形式来看， can 只有现在式和过去式(could)两种，而 be able to 则可根据需要使用多种时态，还可以和一些情态动词连用，或用作动词不定式等非谓语形式。I havent been able to sleep recently. 最近
2、我睡不着觉。 Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. 我们的宝宝再过几个星期就能走路了。 You might be able to persuade him. 你也许能够说服他。 I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了这项工作。I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她。 (2) 用于现在时，can 泛指一般的能力，而 be able to 则主要指具体做某件事的能力。He can swim. 他会游泳。 I am able to express m
3、y idea in a clear way. 我能清楚地表达自己的想法。 (3) 在表示过去的一般能力时，两者没有很大差别。I could / was able to play the piano when I was young. 我年轻时会弹钢琴。 但如果要表示 一时的能力 ，即 在过去某时有某种能力，并顺利地完成某事 ，则要用 was / were able to，而不能用 could。例如： Though he was sick, he was able to swim across the river. 虽然他病了，但他还是游过了河。 After five hours of clim
4、bing, we were able to reach the top of the mountain. 经过 5 个小时的攀爬，我们终于登上了山顶。could 表示可能或有能力做， was were able to 则表示能够做且确已做到。比较下面两句： I was able to pass the examination. 我通过了考试。（不仅有能力，而且实际上做到了。相当于 I succeeded in passing the examination.） I could pass the examination. 我当时有能力通过考试。（有能力，但实际上不一定做得到） seem 的用法1
5、. seem (vi.好象,仿佛 ,看来,似乎)的用法: 1) 后接形容词或 to be +形容词或名词作表语.如: Things far off seem (to be) small.远处的东西看上去小些 . He seems a very clever boy. 他似乎是个很聪明的男孩. 2) 后接(to sb.)that 从句,但主语是 it.如: It seems to me that there is something strange about the case.在我看来这件案子有点奇怪. It seems that you are lying. 看来你在撒谎吧. 3) 后接不定
6、式(to do/ to be),主语一般是人称.如: I seemed to hear a voice in the distance. 我好象听到远处有说话声. He seems (to be) quite happy.他似乎十分快乐. 4) 后接 as if / as though,主语一般是 it. At that time, it seemed as if/ as though I couldnt think of a right word anyhow. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来. 5) seem 的否定式. When his wifes pet cat died,
7、Alan didnt seem to care at all.阿兰妻子的宠猫死了 ,他好象一点也不在乎. There doesnt seem to be much hope that hell come. 看来他来的希望不大 .talk to, talk with 这二者也有区别：前者作“对讲”解，有时指上级对下级，含有“训话”的意味；而后者则表示“同讲话”。试比较： The teacher is talking to his students.老师正在对学生们讲话。 The teacher is talking with his students.老师正跟学生们聊天。when, while
8、这三个词都有 当时候之意，但用法有所不同，使用时要特别注意。 when 意为在时刻或时期，它可兼指 时间点与 时间段，所引导的从句的动词既可以是终止性动词，也可是持续性动词。如： When I got home, he was having supper.我到家时，他正在吃饭。 When I was young, I liked dancing.我年轻时喜欢跳舞。 while 只指 时间段 ，不指时间点，从句的动词只限于持续性动词。如： While I slept, a thief broke in.在我睡觉时 ,盗贼闯了进来。 辨析 when 从句与主句动作先后发生时，不能与 while 互
9、换。如： When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest.每当他做完工作后，总要稍稍休息一下。(when = after) When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。(when=before) when 从句动词为终止性动词时，不能由 while 替换。如： When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.昨天他来时，我们正在打篮球。 当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词时，when, whi
10、le 才有可能互相替代。如： While / When we were still laughing, the teacher came in.正当我们仍在大声嬉笑时，老师进来了。 当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，而且主句的谓语动词也是终止性动词时,when 可和 as 通用，而且用 as 比用 when在时间上更为紧凑，有正当这时 的含义。如： He came just as (or when) I reached the door.我刚到门那儿，他就来了。 从句的谓语动词如表示状态时，通常用 while。如： We must strike while the iron is hot.我们应该
11、趁热打铁。 while 和 when 都可以用作并列连词。 Mike is tall while his brother is short.迈克的个子很高，然而他弟弟很矮。 Mary was on her way home when two big boys stopped her.玛丽正走在回家的路上，这时两个大个子男孩拦住她。rather thanrather than 是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下： 1. rather than 与 would 连用时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。例如： Shed
12、 rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2. rather than 不与 would 连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个
13、名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞
14、。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带 to，也可以不带 to, 如上句。但 rather than 位于句首时，则只能接不带 to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at hal
15、f price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里 rather than 后用了 walked，而没有用 walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成 walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。 would rather 的用法 一、would rather 意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动词原形,常省略为d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式 其否定形式是 would rather not do sth。would rather 没有人称和数的变化，所有的人
16、称一律用 would rather。 “would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式，美国英语中多用 had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。 例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。 You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。过去进行时结 构1. 过 去 进 行 时 由 “助 动 词 was/were
