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1、1阅读理解【例题一】Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler who is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate
2、 Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing ha
3、d an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invit
4、ation of Robert Hutchins.Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retir
5、ed in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives(目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their
6、schools. 51. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tylers memoir?A. Top managers. B. Factory workers.C. Serious educators. D. Science researcher.52. The underlined phrase “hooked on teaching” in Paragraph 2 probably means .A. interested in teaching B. tired of teachingC. satisfied with teachi
7、ng D. unhappy about teaching53. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?A. The University of Chicago. B. Stanford University.C. Ohio State University. D. Nebraska University.答案：CAB【例题二】2A research shows that expressions on our faces have a strong relationship with o
8、ur genes(基因). According to the study, facial expressions of our feelings are innate and are not achieved in cultural learning.This is the first research to show that blind people have the same facial expressions as the sighted when showing certain feelingsthe same facial muscles(肌肉) start working. W
9、hats more, the research gives the new method of how people control their feelings in certain social situations. It states that people do not learn to manage their facial expressions by examining the expressions of others.In his study, David Matsumoto, San Francisco State University Psychology Profes
10、sor, examined facial expressions of blind and sighted judo athletes(柔道运动员) that took part in the Summer Olympics and Paralympics(残奥会). He examined over 4,800 pictures of different athletes who came from 23 countries. Matsumoto found that both blind and sighted sportsmen had the same facial expressio
11、ns, according to a specific social situation.“This suggests genes decide facial expressions of feelings,” he said.One of his findings was the “social smiles” of judo athletes who lost their match and got the second place. It is interesting to find that only mouth muscles are used in social smiles, w
12、hile during real smiles, shown when a person is really happy, the eyes of a person twinkle and get smaller and the cheeks(脸颊) rise.“Losers pushed their lower lip up as if to control the feeling on their face and many produced social smiles,” said Matsumoto, “People blind from birth were unable to le
13、arn to manage their feelings with the help of examining others facial expressions.” He thought that there must be another system involved. “Its possible that in order to hide sad feelings, humans have developed a system that closes the mouth so that they are stopped from crying, biting or rudeness,”
14、 he said.57. The underlined word “innate” in the first paragraph means _.A. from birth B. from daily lifeC. from others D. from teaching58. According to the passage, real smiles are different from social smiles in _.A. opening the eyes B. using facial musclesC. closing the mouth D. watching others e
15、xpressions59. How does the writer make us believe the new findings?A. By telling us an interesting story.B. By interviewing some researchers.C. By showing the results of the research.D. By giving the answers to the questions.60. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Smiles and Olympics B. B
16、lind and Sighted AthletesC. Social Smiles and Real Smiles D. Genes and facial Expressions3答案：ABCD【例题三】Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater increase in their waistlines(腰围) over time, a study suggests. The study included 332 African-American and 775 Hispanic-American (拉丁裔美国人) men and women aged 18 to 81. The researchers measured their abdominal (腹部的) fat, at the start of the
