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1、1考试吧根据历届四级考试特点和题型，精选了以下预测试题，帮助考生把握考试要点。阅读理解Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped
2、 by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledg
3、e can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn cultureone has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One
4、 is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Set
5、ting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.Fortune examine
6、d the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most
7、 basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?AAll international managers can learn culture.BBusiness diversity is not necessary.CViews differ on how to treat culture in
8、business world.DMost people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi .Ais in line with the theories that the business is business the world aroundBis different from the model of McDonaldsCshows the reverse of globalizationDhas converged cultural differences59.T
9、he two schools of thought .Aboth propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual culturesBboth advocate that different policies be set up in different countriesCadmit the existence of cultural diversity in business worldDboth A and B60.This article is supposed to be most usefu
10、l for those .Awho are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversityBwho have connections to more than one type of cultureCwho want to travel abroadDwho want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful internationalcompanies .Aearn 20 percent or more of their
11、 revenue overseasBall have the quality of patienceCwill follow the overseas local culturesDadopt the policy of internationalization【全文翻译】文化是国际商业中最具是挑战性的因素之一。作为一种体系，文化具有既定社会成员习得性行为模式的特点，不断受到一些2动态变量的塑造，如：语言、宗教信仰、价值观、态度、行为方式和风俗习惯、美学、科技、教育和社会制度。为了应对这一体系，一个国际经理需要了解文化知识并对此作出诠释。在某种程度上，文化知识可以通过学习获得，但对文化的诠释只
12、能通过实践获得。应对文化环境最复杂的问题源于这样一个事实：人生在文化中但却不能学习文化。关于如何应对文化的多样性，商界中存在两种观点。一种认为，商业是世界性的，遵循百事(Pepsi)和麦当劳(McDonald)的模式。在某些情况下，全球化就是生活;但是，文化差异仍然难以趋同。另外一种观点认为，企业必须调整其策略以适应特别的文化。在各个国家建立政策和程序就如同器官移植，关键的问题是以接受或排斥为中心。国际经理面临的主要挑战是要确认排斥不是由文化近视或者盲目所引起的。财富(Fortune) 对十二个海外收入占其总收入 20%或更多的大公司的国际业绩进行了研究。成功的国际公司都有一个重要的特征：耐心
13、。它们不是冒失地闯入而是遵循最基本的商业原则认真地营造自己的经营活动。这些原则就是了解对手、了解观众以及了解顾客。答案解析】57.【解析】C推断题。意为 “在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”。 文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素,不同的国家与地区可能会有不同的文化体系。在商业中，应该怎样对待不同的文化，商业界存在着不同的看法。58.【解析】A细节题。Pepsi 采纳的是国际化的商业风格，这与那些主张国际化的派别的意见是相一致的。59.【解析】C推断题。意为 “承认商业世界中文化的多元性”。两个派别都承认商业世界中文化的多元性。他们的不同在于，如何对待不同的文化，应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取
14、不同的策略。60.【解析】D主旨题。由文中的例子可以知道，作者主要关心的并不是研究多种文化形态，而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。所以 D 是正确答案。61.【解析】B细节题。意为 “都具有耐心这一素质”。即他们并不急于对号入座而是依据最基本的商业原则谨慎地建立自己的运行模式。完形填空Part Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, Cand Don the right side of t
15、he paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 67 an event takes plac
16、e, newspapers are on the streets 68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 69 the news. Newspapers have one basic 70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 71 it. Radio, telegraph, television,and 72 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communic
