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1、定语从句 知识总结归纳（一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。如: 1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards
2、her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.（二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.（三）关系词前面可以根据定语从
3、句的内容加上一些介词，这些关系词在介词后面常用 which 或 whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点（一）当先行词有最高级，序数词修饰，是不定代词
4、，或是 all, no, only 等形式时，关系代词一般用that，而不能用 which。1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.（二）当先行词是表示时间，地点，原因的词时，关系词用 when, where, why 还有 which, that1. Im very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. Th
5、is is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didnt tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.（三）定语从句的简化表达： 1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2.
6、The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter m
7、ailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外，还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing 短语，done 短语，being done 短语，to be done 短语修饰。其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing 短语： 正在做.的人/正在发生的事。2. 被修饰名词+ done 短语： 被.的人/
8、事3. 被修饰名词+being done 短语：正在被.的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done 短语：将要被.的人/事（1）Do you know the man talking to my sister ?（2）The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.（3）Did you see that car being repaired ?（4）In a camera, the lens must
9、be focused on the object to be photographed.（5）The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.（6）Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.（7）The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词，不
10、定式的各种形式作定语。1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个 V-ing 或 V-ed 形式作定语，则可以放在被修饰名词前面。2. 分词作定语时，其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing 表示主动意义和正在做，V-ed 表示被动意义。being done 表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的，to be done 表示将要被做的高考定语从句考试题及答案 1. I dont like_you speak to her. (1996 上海) A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
11、 2. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. that once grew 3. Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which 4. _ is mentioned above, the number
12、 of the students in senior schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It (1999 上海) 5. He was very rude to the Customs officer, _ of course made things even worse. A. who B. whom C. what D. which (1999 上海) 6. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the oth
13、ers unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what (2000) 7. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 8. The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expected. A. when B. that C. which D. what (2000
14、北京春) 9. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. its C. whose D. which (2001 上海春季) 10. John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true. A. he B. this C. which D. who (2001 北京春) 11. The film brought the hours to me _ I was taken good care of in tha
15、t far away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where (2001NMET) 12. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What (2001NMET) 13. He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been (2002 上海春季) 14. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which
