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1、 悬置系统论文：混合动力客车动力总成悬置系统分析与改进【中文摘要】随着社会的进步和技术的发展,人们对汽车乘坐舒适性的要求不断提高,振动噪声水平已成为衡量汽车性能好坏的重要标准。动力总成作为汽车最主要的激励源,对其 NVH 性能有关键性的影响,设计合理的动力总成悬置系统不仅可以明显降低动力总成与车架之间的振动传递率,降低噪声,还可以改善总成和车架的受力和运动状态,减少零部件之间的运动干涉,从而延长动力总成和其它零部件的使用寿命。本文基于振动理论、多刚体动力学理论和试验测试技术,以国产某混合动力客车为研究对象,针对其实际运行中出现的振动噪声和零部件损坏等问题,对其动力总成悬置系统进行了分析研究,主
2、要包括以下内容:1)根据混合动力客车动力总成的模型参数,运用 CATIA、ADAMS 和 MATLAB 建立了动力总成悬置系统的刚体动力学模型和数学模型。通过对悬置系统进行模态分析发现其固有频率偏低,说明悬置系统偏软,会使动力总成的相对位移增大,这与实际出现的问题相符。2)针对悬置系统提出改进方案。考虑到悬置参数的波动会对悬置系统模态结果产生影响,运用 ISIGHT 和 MATLAB 软件在提高固有频率的基础上以能量解耦为目标对悬置系统改进方案进行了6 稳健性优化。优化结果表明当设计变量在其设计值10%范围内波动时优化目标仍能保持较高的稳健性。3)针对该混合动力客车的噪声问题,在悬置系统改进方
3、案的基础上,提出对变速箱副箱的锥齿 轮进行磨齿修形以改善锥齿轮的啮合状态,从而降低由锥齿轮啮合引起的制动啸叫噪声。4)利用测试设备对改进后的动力总成悬置系统进行实车道路试验分析验证,主要包括悬置系统的倾角测试、振动测试和噪声测试。根据测试结果分析评价了悬置系统改进方案的效果,改进方案在隔振性能方面基本保持不变,相对角位移和制动啸叫声获得了明显的改善效果,达到了预期的,有效地解决了该混合动力客车实际运行中出现的问题,目前改进方案已经获得了实际应用。【英文摘要】With the progress of the society and the development of technology,pe
4、oples demand for a better vehicle ride comfort has been growing dramatically. And the vibration and noise performance have been the important standard to measure whether the vehicle is good or not. As the main excitation source of the vehicle,the powertrain have a crucial influence on the vehicle NV
5、H performance. The powertrain mounting system with a reasonable design not only can obviously lower the vibration transmissibility from the powertrain to the frame and reduce the noise ,but also can improve the stress and motion state between the powertrain and the frame and reduce the movement inte
6、rference among parts , thus lengthening the powertrain and components service life.Based on vibration theory,multi-rigid-body dynamic theory and test technology,a domestic HEV powertrain mounting system was studied in this thesis according to the problems occurred in actual operation such as vibrati
7、on,noise and components damage etc. The main contents includes:1) According to the HEV powertrain model parameters,the powertrain mounting system rigid dynamical model and mathematical model were established by using CATIA,ADAMS and MATLAB. It showed that the mounting system natural frequency was lo
8、w through modal analysis. In other words,the mounting system was soft that it would lead to a big powertrain relative displacement,and it matched well with the actual problems.2) An improved program was proposed for the original mounting system. Considering that the variation of the mounting paramet
9、ers had an effect on the mounting system modal results,and on the basis of increasing natural frequency,with the energy decoupling rate as the target,the improved program was optimized with the 6robust optimization method by ISIGHT and MATLAB. The results showed that the optimization object can stil
10、l keep high robustness when the design variables had a10% variation around their nominal values.3) To solve the HEV noise problem,and on the basis of the powertrain mounting improved program,it was proposed that the bevel gears in the ancillary box of the transmission need to be grinded in order to
11、improve their engaging status,thus reducing the braking squealing noise caused by the bevel gear engagement. 4) Using the testing device,the improved program of the powertrain mounting system was analyzed through road test experiments which including angle testing,vibration testing and noise testing
12、. The performance of the improved program was analyzed and evaluated according to the testing results. It showed that the vibration isolation performance basically remained stable,while the relative angular displacement and noise performance had a better improved effect which met with the expected p
13、urpose. The improved program can solve the HEV problems occurred in actual operation,and now it has been put in practical application.【关键词】悬置系统 能量解耦 稳健性优化 ISIGHT 测试【英文关键词】Mounting System Energy decoupling Robust Optimization ISIGHT Testing【目录】混合动力客车动力总成悬置系统分析与改进 中文摘要 3-4 英文摘要 4-5 1 绪论 8-15 1.1 课题研究目
14、的及意义 8-9 1.2 动力总成悬置系统的发展概况 9-13 1.2.1 悬置元件的 发展概况 9-11 1.2.2 动力总成隔振的研究现状 11-13 1.3 本文研究的主要问题和内容 13-15 1.3.1 研究问题 13-14 1.3.2 研究内容 14-15 2 动力总成悬置系统建模与分析 15-24 2.1 引言 15 2.2 动力总成悬置系统刚体动力学建模 15-16 2.3 动力总成悬置系统数学建模 16-20 2.3.1 振动微分方程 16 2.3.2 悬置参数获取 16-20 2.4 动力总成悬置系统模态分析 20-23 2.4.1 固有频率和振型 20 2.4.2 能量耦合与解耦 20-21 2.4.3 结果分析 21-23 2.5 本章小结 23-24 3 动力总成悬置系统优化设计 24-38 3.1 引言 24 3.2 动力总成悬置系统的设计方法 24-25 3.3 动力总成悬置系统优化算法 25-31 3.3.1 ISIGHT 软件简介 25-26
