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1、历年英语高考阅读理解题精选译注9E（2005 天津 E 3）No one can fail to stand in awed (令人敬畏的) admiration of the great discoveries of history -Newtons laws of motion, Keplers principles of planetary movement, Einsteins general theory of relativity. Equally awe-inspiring are artistic creations in painting, theatre, music, a
2、nd literature, which have also been brought about by discovery through personal efforts. What do these extraordinary achievements of well-known scientists and artists have to do with problem solving?A great scientific discovery or a great work of art is surely the result of problem-solving activity.
3、 The solution to a problem, we are told, often comes to thinkers in a “flash of insight (顿悟)”, although they may have been turning the problem over in their minds for some time. As a particular form of problem solving, these creative acts are based on the broad knowledge gained in the past, whether
4、this be of the “public” sort known to science, or of the “private” sort known to the artist. Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this.
5、Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable (可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves (涉及)
6、a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution. 52. Newton, Kepler and Einstein are mentioned in the first parag
7、raph to _. A. bring about the subject of the discussionB. explain that scientist are more creativeC. show the difference between science and artsD. prove that arts require more personal efforts53. While knowledge from the past plays an important role in their achievements, thinkers sometimes also de
8、pend on their _. A. artistic tastes B. sudden insightC. admiration of discoveries D. scientific experiments54. What does the underlined word “this” refer to?A. Great contributions to the society. B Long-time study of the subject matter. C. Various statements about problem solving D. Complete devotio
9、n to artistic creation.55. We may conclude from the passage that_ .A. it is more likely to make scientific and artistic discoveries ineveryday learningB. a sudden insight and knowledge from the past are required in making discoveries. C. scientific discoveries or artistic creations are usuallyunpred
10、ictable in natureD. knowledge of the rules in the past is often developed in thechanges of situation对于牛顿的运动定律，开普勒的行星运动定律，还有爱因斯坦的广义相对论，对这些伟大的历史发现，没人不会不肃然起敬。还有同样靠个人努力和发现所创造出来的令人敬畏的艺术创造：包括绘画、戏剧、音乐和文学方面的成就。这些知名科学家和艺术家卓越的成就和他们解决问题的方法有什么联系呢？一个伟大的科学发现或是一件伟大的艺术品一定是解决问题活动后的结果。你常会听到，对一个问题的解决方法而言，尽管这些伟大人物在心中已反
11、复思考了一段时间，可解决方法来源于他们的顿悟。作为特别的解决问题的方式，这些创造性的活动是基于以往获得的广博的知识为基础的，而这种知识要么是公共的科学常识，要么是某位艺术家私人独有的知识。许多创造性思维的科学家说到他们全身心地投入研究他们的专题，经常耗费相当长的时间。事实上，如果他们没这样做的话也就奇怪了。这样的陈述中没有一个是说他们对社会做出巨大贡献的发现所用的解决问题的方法是特别与众不同的。甚至在相对来说可想而知的日常学习中，那种发现的行为与突然的顿悟有关，把“问题情景”转化成了“解决状态” 。正如我们所看到的那样，每天的发现也要求学习者具备以往所获得的规律的知识，这些知识参与到解决问题的
12、过程中。Keys: 52. THE 1ST LETTER IN THE 1ST WORD IN LINE4 53. THE 1ST LETTER IN THE 5TH WORD IN LINE5 54. THE 1ST LETTER IN THE 5TH WORD IN LINE5 55. THE 1ST LETTER IN THE 5TH WORD IN LINE5作业：笔记：把译文中所有醒目标示的汉字在对应的英文文章中找出并记录在笔记本里，并查出陌生的词语。历年英语高考阅读理解题精选译注10E(2005 安徽 4)Parents should stop blaming themselves
13、 because theres not a lot they can do about it. I mean the teenager(十几岁的孩子) problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal. Ive seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One s
14、trict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself (懒散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watch
15、ing as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. “I dont know what to do with him these days,” she said. “Hes forgotten all the manners we taught him.” He hasnt forgotten them. Hes just decided that hes not going to use them. She confessed (坦白) that
16、 she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor. Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, “ I dont like your dress; its ugly.” One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home. “Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortun
