《食用菌栽培英文版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《食用菌栽培英文版（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、The characteristics of flammulina velutipes F701 and its cultivating techniquesYi Wenlin , Wang Xinli(The Institute of XinYu edible mushrooms in Wuhan Municipality of Hubei Province, 430015) Flammulina velutipes F701 is a new bacterial strain which was given away by Huang Zhiwen who is an edible mus
2、hroom expert in Taiwan when the writer was exploring the mode of producing the Taiwans needle mushrooms. Flammulina velutipes F701 can be acquired by selecting from many spores. It can replace “Hybridization 19” and “White Needle 21”. The practice proved that this bacterial strain was close, high-pr
3、oducing and whitish. Its production is deeply received by the consumers. The price is twice more than normal flammulina velutipes. It has a higher productivity than the dark-colored “Hybridization 19” for 40%50%. Now briefly describing its properties and cultivation techniques as follows:Morphologic
4、al Specificity The hyphae are white, bushy, and sturdy. They have strong wall-climbing strength and rapid rate of growth. They have a small amount Oidium, multiple mushroom flowers and close. The hyphae are growing in good order. The caps assume globular and hemispherical shapes, it is curled inward
5、. The diameter is about 0.5 to 1.00cm; it is not easy to open the umbrella even go beyond the period of harvest. The stipes are thin and erect, the length is about 1820cm, the perimeter is 1520cm. The stipe is smooth non-twist, downless and come out evenly. When in high temperature of around 24 , th
6、e stipes are growing basically consistent. The fruiting body assumes white or pure white under the weak light, but light white and yellow under the strong light. It doesnt have Browning Reaction. The roots did not adhere together. It is over 280 per crowd when using bottle cultivation, it is as many
7、 as 400 per crowd when using bag cultivation. Growth Conditions Temperature: the hyphae can grow from 3 to 34 , the suitable temperature is 2024 . The hyphae can have a differentiation of primordium when at 334 . The entity can grow at the temperature of 325 , the quality is optimum at 312 , the pre
8、sent flowers are upper limit to 24 . When at the high temperature 26 for a short time, the entity can also grow regularly.Moisture: the compost moisture should hold above 70%. When fruiting, the relative humidity of the air is respectively 85%90%. When at the high moisture, the mushrooms are dry. Wh
9、en at the low moisture, the mushrooms are damp.Light: it can cultivate the hyphae in dark room at growth period. When at the growing period of the fruiting body, demanding that the light be very weak, for example, the light intensity should under 801x or remains generally dark. If the light is too s
10、trong, the colors of the fruiting body would turn dark.Air: there are no special requirements to the growth period of the hyphae; the fruiting bodies are better suited to grow in the air which has high CO2 content than ordinary varieties.The acidity or the alkalinity: at the pH value from 6 to 7, in
11、 other words, under neutral pH conditions, the hyphae and the fruiting body will grow well.Nutrition: adding adequate corn power or soy power to the compost.Production characteristicsResistant: this strain has a highly adversity-resistant, can bear heavy water. If the mushroom was soaked in water wi
12、thin 15cm, the stipe wouldnt have Browning Reaction. When the stipe grows up to 5cm, it can sprinkle water on the mushroom. It also can storage stability and has high disease resistance. In the autumn of 1999, most of flammulina velutipes strains universally appear to high pollution rate at hairy fu
13、ngus time, however, there is no effect to F701 strains if they were planted in a large area under the same conditions. They are normal fruiting and against soft rot, root rot and bacterial spots.Yield and quality: As for mass production, it will produce mushrooms above 20 , the conversion rate of he
14、ad tide mushroom is 110%. When below 15 , the conversion rate is 150%, the total conversion rate can reach more than 250%. The mushroom has high quality, the body is tidy, fiber contents are few, and it tastes good. The pileus is white and like pearls. The stipe stands straightly just like the beaut
15、iful bamboo flute. The price is 30 % 80 % higher.Cultivation techniquesMicrobial strain: mother strains adopt adding rich PDA medium; the original species adopt grain, etc.Preparation of cultural materials: when selecting wood chips, corn cob and cottonseed shell to cultivate as substrate, we should
16、 carry on fermentation processing. The fresh trees sawdust must pile up for 3 months in the summer; approximately 15d turns piles one time. The corncob should season first, after smashing mixes the water to pile up 57d, separates 23d to turn mixes one time. The cottonseed hull should pile up one night. Formula: A. cottonseed hull 75%, bran 20%, maize meal 4%, gypsum 1%; B. sawdust 70%, bran 25%, maize meal 5%; C. corncob 70%, bran 29%, stone paste 1%. Usi
