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1、I新型磁化雾降尘技术及煤尘润湿剂研究Study of New Dustfall Technology on Magnetized Fog and New Coal Wetting Agent摘 要高浓度粉尘时刻威胁着井下职工的身心健康和矿井的安全生产。现有降尘技术通常耗水量大，降尘效果不佳，抑或经济成本高，因此研究煤矿粉尘防治新理论与新技术对于保障煤矿企业的安全生产、改善作业地点的工作环境、保护煤矿工人的身心健康具有重大的现实意义。本文综合运用理论分析、实验室实验等手段，研究水雾捕尘机理，并以提高水雾的煤尘润湿性能为中心进行了深入的研究，取得了如下研究成果：（1）研究喷雾降尘机理，引用扩散荷电
2、效应解释尘雾体相互作用过程中的静电吸引问题，建立了尘粒绕雾滴运动的数学模型，得出四种捕尘方式（惯性碰撞、截留、静电、扩散）同时发生并相互促进的结论；分析了传统喷雾降尘技术的主要影响因素，发现在其他条件不变的情况下，水雾粒径越小、密度越大，喷雾速度越快，雾体润湿性能越强，则其降尘效果越好。（2）研究了润湿剂降尘机理，系统分析了润湿剂对喷雾降尘的影响，其捕获煤尘可分成四阶段，主要是通过其分子在溶液表面形成紧密的润湿剂分子定向排列层来实现；润湿煤尘分为粘附、铺展和吞没三个过程，各过程自发进行的判据为： 粘附： ； 铺展： ； 吞没： 1 0,18Wo 2 0,9iWo 3。0,lsSo（3）开展了一
3、系列煤尘润湿性评价实验，研究得出不同种类和浓度润湿剂对其润湿性能的影响及润湿剂助剂对其润湿性能的提高的规律，并结合润湿剂复配增效原理，研制出新型煤尘润湿剂，配方为 0.1%SDBS+0.1%1631+0.2% Na2SO4（配方中各原料比例为其在溶液中的质量浓度） 。（4）研究了磁化水的理化特性，从提高雾化程度和降低溶液表面张力及粘度等多角度分析了磁化雾降尘机理；建立了磁化雾喷雾降尘系统的实验模型装置，比较水雾磁化前后以及结合煤尘润湿剂后的新型磁化雾喷雾降尘技术的降尘效率，实验结果显示，普通水降尘率只有 59%，磁化雾降尘率达到 71%，采用磁化雾+ 新型煤尘润湿剂的降尘技术组合的降尘率更是高
4、达 94%，对呼吸性粉尘降尘效果尤为明显。论文共有图 29 幅，表 15 个，参考文献 86 篇。关键词：喷雾降尘；煤尘润湿性能；煤尘润湿剂；磁化雾技术IIAbstractThe physical and mental health of coal miners and safety production in mine are threatened with high concentration dust all the time. Some of the existing dust-settling technologys water consumption was so large us
5、ually and the dust suppression effect was poorly, some of them need more economic costs, so the study on new theory and technology of dust control in coal mine is of great realistic significance to guarantee coal safe production, improve the environment of work place and protect the health of mine w
6、orkers. This paper applied theoretical analysis and laboratory test to study the mechanism of capturing dust by fine water-spray, and make a deeply study on the wettability experiments of coal dust, The research achievements are as follows:(1) Study the mechanism of reducing dust by spray, quote dif
7、fusing charge effect to explain the problem of electrostatic attraction in the Interaction between dust-fog coalition, establish mathematical model of dust moving round water droplet, obtain the conclusion that four ways of dust catching(inertial impaction, interception, diffusion and electrostatic)
8、are simultaneity and mutual promotion; through the study on the main factors affecting the traditional spraying dust control technology, obtain the results: in other conditions remain unchanged, the smaller mist particle size, the greater the density, the stronger the mist wetting properties, then t
9、he better dust suppression effect can be obtain.(2) Study the mechanism of reducing dust by wetting agent, which capture coal dust can be divided into four phases, primarily through its molecules form a tight molecular alignment layer wetting the surface of the solution to achieve; wet coal dust int
10、o the adhesion, spreading and engulfing three processes, the criteria for each process is spontaneous: Adhesion: ; spreading: 1 0,18Wo 2; swallowed: .0,9iWo 3 0,lsSo(3) A series of coal dust wettability evaluation experiments were done, obtain the affect that different types and concentrations of we
11、tting agents to its wettability and the law of wetting agent additives improve the wetting properties, combined humectant complex synergism principle, developed a new type of coal dust wetting agent, formulation of 0.1% SDBS + 0.1% 1631 + 0.2% Na2SO4 (the ratio of the raw material formulations for m
12、ass concentration in solution).(4) The physical and chemical properties of magnetized water were studied, the multi-angle analysis of the magnetization fog dust mechanism from improve IIIatomization and reduce the surface tension and viscosity were done; establish an experimental model system of mag
13、netization fog spraying system, compare efficiency of dustfall before and after magnetization and binding dust wetting agent, the experimental results show that the general water rate is 59%, magnetized fog rate is 71%,and the last combination rate is as high as 94%, for respiratory dust is especially effective.The paper has 29 figures, 15 tables and 86 references.Keywords: the spray dustfall; coal wetting properties; coal wetting agent; technologyof magnetized fogIV目 录摘 要 .I目 录 .IV图清单 .VIII表清单 .X变量注释表 .XII1 绪论 .11.1 问题提出与研究意义 .1
