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1、中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第 17 讲 There be 句型与中考试题There be 句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物） ”，其形式为“Therebe代词或名词（短语）地点时间状语” 。这里 there 是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be 要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be 后加 not；一般疑问句是将 be 放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be（或其否定式）there”构成。例如： 1There is a desk and two chairs in the room （紧挨着 be 动词的主语是 a desk，是单数，故b
2、e 的形式要用 is） 2There arent two chairs and a desk in the room （否定句） 3Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there isNo ，there isnt ） 4There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句） 除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事” ，要用“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语” 。例如： There are several children swimming in the river河里有几个孩
3、子在游泳。 There be 结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况： 通过上表可知：各种时态的变化是通过 be 动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错，首要的问题是弄清楚 There be 与 have 所表示的意义。There be 句型表示“存在”关系，have 表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如，要说“明天有一个班会。 ”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow （） （2）There is going towill be a class meeting tomorrow （）有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种
4、都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall （“地图”为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three （“地图”存在于三班）由此看来，There will have 是错误的。 复习 There be 句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题： 1There be 句型的考查更多的是将 be 动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如： （1）There is _ on the floor （2）There are _ on the floor 选项：Aca
5、t Bwater Cboxes Dfootball 解析：（1 ）由 is 可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而 A、D 项中都缺少冠词 a，故选 B，同理可知（ 2）应选 C。 2如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any 或用数词 hundredthousandmillion，hundreds thousandsmillions of，no 等修饰；不可数名词可以受 any，some，no，little，a little，much 等词的修饰。例如： （1）There were _ students i
6、n our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of （2）There is _ waterYou neednt get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch 解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选 B， （2）由 water 可知排除 A 项，再由后一句意思便知选 C。 3注意不定代词的用法。 （1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge （2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如： There is something inte
7、resting in todays newspaper 4There be 句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。 如果陈述部分含有 little， few，no，nobody，none 等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？ 但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？ 5要注意句子前后意思的一致性。 有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当
8、的选项。例如：（1）There is _ foodYou neednt buy any （2） There is _ foodYou have to buy some （A any Bsome Cno）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用 some 和 no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B， （2）C 。 There be 句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如 be 动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语” 。
9、下面是一些英语中考试题原题: 1There are _ days in a week Athe seven Bseventh C the seventh Dseven 2There are few _ in the fridgeLets go and buy som e peas，carrots and cabbages Avegetables Bfruit Cmeat D eggs 3Look！There are some _ on the floor Achild Bwater Cboxes Dgirl 4There were two _ people at yesterdays meet
10、ing Ahundreds Bhundreds of Chundred 5The letter from my uncle was shortThere wasnt _ news Amany B a few Cmuch Dfew 6Oh，there isnt enough _ for us in the lift It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next Aground Bfloor C place D room 7There _ an English Evening next Tuesday Awas Bwill be C will have Dare
11、going to be 8There _ a football gam e in our school Ahas Bwill have Cwill be 9There is going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening Ahave；on Bbe；on Chave；for D be；of 10There is _ food hereWell have to buy some Aany Bsome Cno 11There is _ in the bagIts empty Anothing Bsomething C
12、anything Dsomebody 12There is _ knocking at the doorGo and see who it is Anobody Bsomebody C anybody Deverybody 13Is there _ wrong with me， doctor？ Im afraid soYour heart is beating a bit too slow Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 14There is _ interesting on this channelTry others Anothing B
13、none Canything D no 15There is _ interesting in the film，so _ is interested in it Asomething；nobody Bnothing；somebody Canything ；anybody Dnothing ；nobody 16There is _ in todays newspaper Anothing new Banything new Cnew anything Dnew something 17There is _ in todays newspaper Anew anything Bnew somet
14、hing C anything new Dsomething new 18There will be a volleyball match in our school， _ ？ Abe there Bis there Cwill there Dwont there 19There is little water in the bottle （改为反意疑问句） There is little water in the bottle， _ _ ？ 20There is som ething unusual on the island （改为反意疑问句） There is som ething unusual on the island， _ _ ？ Key: There be 句型与中考试题 15 D A C C C 610 D B C B C 1115 A B B A D 1618 A D D 19is there 20isnt there
