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1、PRONOMBRES (Pronouns)A Pronoun in Spanish as well as in English is like a shortcut to refer to a noun, a word that stands for or represents a noun or noun phrase, a pronoun is identified only in the context of the sentence in which they are used. So you must have a prior idea about who he or she l o
2、r ella is. In English we find me, her, what, that, his, In Spanish theyre used pretty much the same way, the main difference is that in Spanish most pronouns have a gender, masculine or feminine and rarely neuter to unknown objects or ideas.TIPOS DE PRONOMBRES (Types of pronouns)Types of pronouns in
3、clude Pronombres personales personal pronouns (refer to the persons speaking, the persons spoken to, or the persons or things spoken about),Pronombres indefinidos indefinite pronouns, Pronombres relativos relative pronouns (connect parts of sentences) and Pronombres reflexivos reciprocal or reflexiv
4、e pronouns (in which the object of a verb is being acted on by verbs subject).This table below shows examples of all pronouns categories in Spanish:Spanish PronounsType of PronounsUse Examples in Spanish (English)Personal Replaces the subject of a sentence Yo (I), t (you), l (he), ella (she), nosotr
5、os (we), ellos (they), ellas (they)Possessive Refers to something owned or possessed by someone. usually preceded by el/la/los/lasMo (mine), ma (mine), mos (mine), mas (mine), tuyo/a (yours), suyo/a (his, hers, theirs), nuestro/a (ours), Vuestro/a (yours)Reflexive Used when the direct object and ind
6、irect object of a verb refer to the same person. Used more often in Spanish.Me (myself), te (yourself), se (himself, herself, themselves), nos (ourselves), os (yourselves)Indefinite Used to refer to nonspecific people or thingsAlgo (something), alguien (anybody), nadie (nobody), todo (all), todas (a
7、ll), uno (one), unos (some), ninguno (none), mucho (many), poco (little)Relative Introduces a clause that gives more information about a noun or pronounQue (that, which, who, whom), quien (who, whom), el cual (which, that which) cuyo (whose), cuyas (whose), donde (where), el que (that, which)Interro
8、gative Used in questions Qu (what), quin (what), cundo (when), cunto (when)Demonstrative Replaces a noun while also pointing to it ste (this one), sta (this one), sa (that one), aqullos (those ones), aqul (that one over there)Prepositional Function as the object of a verb or preposition, used after
9、prepositions, often in order to emphasize the noun they replaceMi (me), ti(you), l, nosotros, vosotros.(except mi and ti, the rest is the same as in subject pronouns)Indirect Object PronounTheyre words that replace the indirect object, which is usually a person.Me (me), te(you), le (him, her, you (f
10、ormal), nos (us), vos (you), les (them) Me da gusto ( it gives me pleasure). Te quiero (I love you)PERSONAL PRONOUNS:Subject pronouns replace the subject of the sentence, theyre very easy to use, and this is a complete list of them with their English equivalent:Subject Pronoun in SpanishSingularyo -
11、 I , t - you (familiar), l - he, ella - she, usted - you (formal),Pluralnosotros We (masculine or mixed gender), nosotras we (feminine), vosotros you-all (familiar, Spain, masculine or mixed gender)vosotras you-all (familiar, Spain, feminine), ellos they (masculine or mixed gender), ellas they (femi
12、nine)ustedes you-all (formal in Spain, formal and familiar in Latin America)SPANISH POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS:Possessive pronouns refer to something owned or possessed by someone. Usually preceded by el/la/los/las, used the same way in both languages:Mine= el mo / la ma /los mos / las mas.Yours (familiar)
13、 = el tuyo / la tuya /los tuyos / las tuyas.Yours (formal), his, hers= el suyo / la suya /los suyos / las suyas.Ours= el nuestro / la nuestra/ los nuestros / las nuestras.Yours (familiar) = el vuestro / la vuestra / los vuestros / las vuestras.Yours (formal), theirs= el suyo / la suya /los suyos / l
14、as suyasPossessive Pronouns in SpanishPossessive pronouns Masculine FeminineMine el (los) mo(s) la(s) ma(s)Yours (t) el (los) tuyo(s) la(s) tuya(s)His/hers/itsyours (Ud.)el (los) suyo(s) la(s) suya(s)Ours el (los) nuestro(s) la(s) nuestra(s)Yours (vosotros) el (los) vuestro(s) la(s) vuestra(s)Theirs
15、yours (Uds.)el (los) suyo(s) la(s) suya(s)Below, are examples of pronoun adjectives, compare them to the possessive pronoun shown on the table above,mi(s)= my, mi coche (my car) mis amigas (my friends), tu(s)= your (singular) tu hermano (your brother) tus amigos, su(s)= his, her, your (formal), thei
16、rsu dinero (his money), sus plumasnuestro(-a, -os, -as)= our, nuestro plato (our plate), nuestras casas, vuestro(-a, -os, -as)= your (fam. pl.), vuestro radio, vuestras plumas .Note: dont confuse between the three forms of possessive:Possessive adjective (short/unstressed form): mi, tu, su, nuestro/a, vuesto/a , nuestra casa (our house).Possessive adjective (long/stressed form): mo, tuyo , es un amigo tuyo ( he is a friend of yours).Possessive
